ruiskaa
Finnish
Etymology
Sound-symbolic (or onomatopoeic).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈrui̯skɑːˣ/, [ˈrui̯s̠kɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -uiskɑː
- Syllabification(key): ruis‧kaa
- Hyphenation(key): ruis‧kaa
Verb
ruiskaa (dialectal, rare, poetic)
- (intransitive) synonym of ruiskia
- 1874, Johan Ludvig Runeberg, translated by Edvin Avellan, Muuttolinnut:
- Miss’ suojanen heillä on entuudestaan, / Miss’ lähtehet vettä, / Niin raikasta, ruiskaa, / Ja keinuva mettä
Usage notes
This verb is in practice only used in 3rd person indicative. Other forms are replaced with corresponding forms of synonymous verb ruiskia.
Inflection of ruiskaa (type kaikaa)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | – | – | 1st sing. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd sing. | – | – | 2nd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd sing. | ruiskaa | ei ruiskaa | 3rd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 1st plur. | – | – | 1st plur. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd plur. | – | – | 2nd plur. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd plur. | ruiskaavat | eivät ruiskaa | 3rd plur. | – | – | ||||
| passive | – | – | passive | – | – | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | – | – | 1st sing. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd sing. | – | – | 2nd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd sing. | – | – | 3rd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 1st plur. | – | – | 1st plur. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd plur. | – | – | 2nd plur. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd plur. | – | – | 3rd plur. | – | – | ||||
| passive | – | – | passive | – | – | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | – | – | 1st sing. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd sing. | – | – | 2nd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd sing. | ruiskaisi | ei ruiskaisi | 3rd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 1st plur. | – | – | 1st plur. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd plur. | – | – | 2nd plur. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd plur. | ruiskaisivat | eivät ruiskaisi | 3rd plur. | – | – | ||||
| passive | – | – | passive | – | – | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | – | – | 1st sing. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd sing. | – | – | 2nd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd sing. | – | – | 3rd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 1st plur. | – | – | 1st plur. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd plur. | – | – | 2nd plur. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd plur. | – | – | 3rd plur. | – | – | ||||
| passive | – | – | passive | – | – | ||||
| potential | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | – | – | 1st sing. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd sing. | – | – | 2nd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd sing. | – | – | 3rd sing. | – | – | ||||
| 1st plur. | – | – | 1st plur. | – | – | ||||
| 2nd plur. | – | – | 2nd plur. | – | – | ||||
| 3rd plur. | – | – | 3rd plur. | – | – | ||||
| passive | – | – | passive | – | – | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| infinitive | participle | ||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||
| 1st | – | present | – | – | |||||
| long 1st1 | – | past | – | – | |||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | – | – | agent4 | – | ||||
| instructive | – | – | negative | – | |||||
| 3rd | inessive | – | – | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | |||||
| elative | – | – | |||||||
| illative | – | – | |||||||
| adessive | – | – | |||||||
| abessive | – | – | |||||||
| instructive | – | – | |||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | – | |||||||
| 5th1 | – | ||||||||
Derived terms
References
- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “ruisku”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN