Finnish
Etymology
Borrowed from Swedish bruka.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈruːkɑtɑˣ/, [ˈruːkɑ̝t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -uːkɑtɑ
- Syllabification(key): ruu‧ka‧ta
- Hyphenation(key): ruu‧ka‧ta
Verb
ruukata (dialectal)
- to be in the habit of, to do as a habit; to be a habit, to do habitually, to tend to
Meillä ruukataan juoda kahvi mustana.- We drink our coffee black as a habit.
Paikalliset ruukaavat riehua konserteissa.- The locals tend to go wild at concerts.
Conjugation
| Inflection of ruukata (Kotus type 73/salata, no gradation)
|
| indicative mood
|
| present tense
|
perfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
ruukaan
|
en ruukaa
|
1st sing.
|
olen ruukannut
|
en ole ruukannut
|
| 2nd sing.
|
ruukaat
|
et ruukaa
|
2nd sing.
|
olet ruukannut
|
et ole ruukannut
|
| 3rd sing.
|
ruukaa
|
ei ruukaa
|
3rd sing.
|
on ruukannut
|
ei ole ruukannut
|
| 1st plur.
|
ruukaamme
|
emme ruukaa
|
1st plur.
|
olemme ruukanneet
|
emme ole ruukanneet
|
| 2nd plur.
|
ruukaatte
|
ette ruukaa
|
2nd plur.
|
olette ruukanneet
|
ette ole ruukanneet
|
| 3rd plur.
|
ruukaavat
|
eivät ruukaa
|
3rd plur.
|
ovat ruukanneet
|
eivät ole ruukanneet
|
| passive
|
ruukataan
|
ei ruukata
|
passive
|
on ruukattu
|
ei ole ruukattu
|
| past tense
|
pluperfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
ruukasin
|
en ruukannut
|
1st sing.
|
olin ruukannut
|
en ollut ruukannut
|
| 2nd sing.
|
ruukasit
|
et ruukannut
|
2nd sing.
|
olit ruukannut
|
et ollut ruukannut
|
| 3rd sing.
|
ruukasi
|
ei ruukannut
|
3rd sing.
|
oli ruukannut
|
ei ollut ruukannut
|
| 1st plur.
|
ruukasimme
|
emme ruukanneet
|
1st plur.
|
olimme ruukanneet
|
emme olleet ruukanneet
|
| 2nd plur.
|
ruukasitte
|
ette ruukanneet
|
2nd plur.
|
olitte ruukanneet
|
ette olleet ruukanneet
|
| 3rd plur.
|
ruukasivat
|
eivät ruukanneet
|
3rd plur.
|
olivat ruukanneet
|
eivät olleet ruukanneet
|
| passive
|
ruukattiin
|
ei ruukattu
|
passive
|
oli ruukattu
|
ei ollut ruukattu
|
| conditional mood
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
ruukaisin
|
en ruukaisi
|
1st sing.
|
olisin ruukannut
|
en olisi ruukannut
|
| 2nd sing.
|
ruukaisit
|
et ruukaisi
|
2nd sing.
|
olisit ruukannut
|
et olisi ruukannut
|
| 3rd sing.
|
ruukaisi
|
ei ruukaisi
|
3rd sing.
|
olisi ruukannut
|
ei olisi ruukannut
|
| 1st plur.
|
ruukaisimme
|
emme ruukaisi
|
1st plur.
|
olisimme ruukanneet
|
emme olisi ruukanneet
|
| 2nd plur.
|
ruukaisitte
|
ette ruukaisi
|
2nd plur.
|
olisitte ruukanneet
|
ette olisi ruukanneet
|
| 3rd plur.
|
ruukaisivat
|
eivät ruukaisi
|
3rd plur.
|
olisivat ruukanneet
|
eivät olisi ruukanneet
|
| passive
|
ruukattaisiin
|
ei ruukattaisi
|
passive
|
olisi ruukattu
|
ei olisi ruukattu
|
| imperative mood
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
—
|
—
|
1st sing.
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd sing.
|
ruukaa
|
älä ruukaa
|
2nd sing.
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd sing.
|
ruukatkoon
|
älköön ruukatko
|
3rd sing.
|
olkoon ruukannut
|
älköön olko ruukannut
|
| 1st plur.
|
ruukatkaamme
|
älkäämme ruukatko
|
1st plur.
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plur.
|
ruukatkaa
|
älkää ruukatko
|
2nd plur.
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plur.
|
ruukatkoot
|
älkööt ruukatko
|
3rd plur.
|
olkoot ruukanneet
|
älkööt olko ruukanneet
|
| passive
|
ruukattakoon
|
älköön ruukattako
|
passive
|
olkoon ruukattu
|
älköön olko ruukattu
|
| potential mood
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| 1st sing.
|
ruukannen
|
en ruukanne
|
1st sing.
|
lienen ruukannut
|
en liene ruukannut
|
| 2nd sing.
|
ruukannet
|
et ruukanne
|
2nd sing.
|
lienet ruukannut
|
et liene ruukannut
|
| 3rd sing.
|
ruukannee
|
ei ruukanne
|
3rd sing.
|
lienee ruukannut
|
ei liene ruukannut
|
| 1st plur.
|
ruukannemme
|
emme ruukanne
|
1st plur.
|
lienemme ruukanneet
|
emme liene ruukanneet
|
| 2nd plur.
|
ruukannette
|
ette ruukanne
|
2nd plur.
|
lienette ruukanneet
|
ette liene ruukanneet
|
| 3rd plur.
|
ruukannevat
|
eivät ruukanne
|
3rd plur.
|
lienevät ruukanneet
|
eivät liene ruukanneet
|
| passive
|
ruukattaneen
|
ei ruukattane
|
passive
|
lienee ruukattu
|
ei liene ruukattu
|
| Nominal forms
|
| infinitives
|
participles
|
|
|
active
|
passive
|
|
active
|
passive
|
| 1st
|
ruukata
|
present
|
ruukaava
|
ruukattava
|
| long 1st1
|
| Person
|
sing.
|
plur.
|
| 1st
|
ruukatakseni
|
ruukataksemme
|
| 2nd
|
ruukataksesi
|
ruukataksenne
|
| 3rd
|
ruukatakseen
ruukataksensa
|
|
past
|
ruukannut
|
ruukattu
|
| 2nd
|
inessive2
|
ruukatessa
|
ruukattaessa
|
agent4
|
ruukaama
|
| Person
|
sing.
|
plur.
|
| 1st
|
ruukatessani
|
ruukatessamme
|
| 2nd
|
ruukatessasi
|
ruukatessanne
|
| 3rd
|
ruukatessaan
ruukatessansa
|
|
negative
|
ruukaamaton
|
| instructive
|
ruukaten
|
—
|
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
|
| 3rd
|
inessive
|
ruukaamassa
|
—
|
| elative
|
ruukaamasta
|
—
|
| illative
|
ruukaamaan
|
—
|
| adessive
|
ruukaamalla
|
—
|
| abessive
|
ruukaamatta
|
—
|
| instructive
|
ruukaaman
|
ruukattaman
|
| 4th3
|
verbal noun
|
ruukaaminen
|
| 5th1
|
| Person
|
sing.
|
plur.
|
| 1st
|
ruukaamaisillani
|
ruukaamaisillamme
|
| 2nd
|
ruukaamaisillasi
|
ruukaamaisillanne
|
| 3rd
|
ruukaamaisillaan
ruukaamaisillansa
|
|
Descendants
- → Ingrian: pruukata (from older pruukata)
Anagrams