rwj

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ruːi/
- Conventional anglicization: rui

Verb

3ae inf.

(intransitive) to get away (+ r: from (a place or thing))
(intransitive) to go away, to depart
- c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 23:
  
  jwyt zb(.w) sjw(w) rw.w tꜣ m ḥtpw ẖr nb.f
  Wrongdoing has gone, the Slanderer has departed, and the land is in peace under its lord.
(transitive) to leave, to depart (a place)
(transitive) to escape (something bad)

Inflection

Conjugation of rwj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: rw, geminated stem: rww

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
rwt, rwj	rww, rw	rwt, rwwt, rwyt	rw	rw, rwy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
rw⁸, rww⁸	ḥr rwt, ḥr rwj	m rwt, m rwj	r rwt, r rwj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	rw.n	rww, rw, rwy	consecutive	rw.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	rw.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	rwt, rwyt
perfective³	rw	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	rw.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	rw, rwy	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	rw.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	rww, rw, rwy	rww, rw, rwy	potentialis¹	rw.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	rww, rw, rwy	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	rw, rwy	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	rw.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	rww¹, rwy, rw	active + .tj¹, .tw²	rw	rwy, rw
imperfective	rww, rwwy, rwww⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	rww, rwwj⁶, rwwy⁶	rww, rwww⁵
prospective	rww¹, rwy, rw, rwtj⁷	—	rwwtj^{1 4}, rwtj⁴, rwt⁴

¹ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
² Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
³ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
⁴ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. ⁵ Only in the masculine singular.
⁶ Only in the masculine.
⁷ Only in the feminine.
⁸ Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Derived terms

srwj

Descendants

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲗⲁ (la)
Sahidic Coptic: ⲗⲟ (lo)

Etymology 2

Dual form of r(ꜣ) (“part, piece, ¹⁄_…”).

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ruːi/
- Conventional anglicization: rewi

Noun

m du

(dual only) two thirds

References

Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 25
James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 105.