See also: Appendix:Variations of "sd"
Demotic
Pronunciation
Noun
m
- locust
Descendants
References
- Erichsen, Wolja (1954) Demotisches Glossar, Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, page 482
Egyptian
Pronunciation
Verb
2-lit.
- (transitive) to break into pieces [since the Pyramid Texts]
- (transitive) to force open or cut open
- (transitive, figuratively) to defeat, to break the power of
- (transitive, figuratively) to eliminate or disperse (bad weather, disease, etc.)
- (transitive, figuratively) to make traversable (places or paths)
- (intransitive, of wounds) to break out
Inflection
Conjugation of sḏ (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: sḏ, geminated stem: sḏḏ
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
sḏ
|
sḏw, sḏ
|
sḏt
|
sḏ, j.sḏ
|
sḏ, j.sḏ
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
sḏ
|
ḥr sḏ
|
m sḏ
|
r sḏ
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
sḏ.n
|
sḏw, sḏ
|
consecutive
|
sḏ.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
sḏt
|
| perfective3
|
sḏ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
sḏ.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
sḏ, j.sḏ1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
sḏ
|
sḏḏ
|
potentialis1
|
sḏ.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
sḏ, j.sḏ1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
sḏ.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
sḏ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
sḏ
|
sḏḏ, sḏḏj6, sḏ2, sḏw2 5, sḏy2 5
|
| imperfective
|
j.sḏ1, sḏ, sḏy, sḏw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
j.sḏ1, j.sḏw1 5, sḏ, sḏj6, sḏy6
|
sḏ, sḏw5
|
| prospective
|
sḏ, sḏtj7
|
—
|
sḏtj4, sḏt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sḏ
Derived terms
References
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 373.8–375.7
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 257
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 253.