sclareia

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier hastula rēgia (“asphodel plant”) via loss of /h/, aphaeresis of the first /a/, syncope of /u/, dissimilation of /tl/ to /kl/, and merger of intervocalic /ɡj/ with /j/ (not necessarily all in that order). Attested in an appendix to Gargilius (which may represent a late interpolation) as well as a variety of ninth-century works.[1] The semantic change may be due to the resemblance of the floral spikes of the clary sage to those of the asphodel.[2]

Noun

sclarēia f (genitive sclarēiae); first declension

  1. (Late Latin?, Medieval Latin) clary sage

Declension

First-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative sclarēia sclarēiae
genitive sclarēiae sclarēiārum
dative sclarēiae sclarēiīs
accusative sclarēiam sclarēiās
ablative sclarēiā sclarēiīs
vocative sclarēia sclarēiae

Derived terms

  • Salvia sclarēa (New Latin)

Descendants

  • Italo-Western Romance:
    • Italian: scarleggia (archaic), schiarea, scarlea ⇒ sclarea (metathesis, perhaps via Latin influence, or simply borrowed from Latin)
    • Lombard: scarleza, sclareza
    • Venetan: scarlegia, scarleza
  • Insular Romance:
    • Sardinian: iscrareja (Nuorese), usciareu (Logudorese), scraria (Campidanese)
  • → French: sclarée
  • →? Old French: sclaree
    • → Middle English: clarie
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *skarlejā, *skaralejā
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *sklaregā
  • → Portuguese: esclarea
  • → Spanish: esclarea

References

  1. ^ Thomas, Antoine. 1907. Latin sclareia. In Revue de philologie, de littérature et d'histoire anciennes 31. 199–201
  2. ^ “clary”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
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