Japanese
Romanization
shufu
- Rōmaji transcription of しゅふ
Swahili
Etymology
Probably from Arabic شافَ (šāfa, “to look”).[1]
Pronunciation
Verb
-shufu (infinitive kushufu)
- to detect, notice, perceive
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -shufu
|
| Positive present
|
-nashufu
|
| Subjunctive
|
-shufu
|
| Negative
|
-shufu
|
| Imperative singular
|
shufu
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kushufu
|
| Negative
|
kutoshufu
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
shufu
|
| Plural
|
shufuni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hushufu
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lishufu
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kushufu
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nashufu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninashufu/nashufu
|
tunashufu
|
| 2nd person
|
unashufu
|
mnashufu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anashufu
|
wanashufu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nashufu
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -shufu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sishufu
|
hatushufu
|
| 2nd person
|
hushufu
|
hamshufu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hashufu
|
hawashufu
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -shufu
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tashufu
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tashufu
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -shufu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nishufu
|
tushufu
|
| 2nd person
|
ushufu
|
mshufu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashufu
|
washufu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -shufu
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sishufu
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeshufu
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeshufu
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalishufu
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalishufu
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ashufu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nashufu
|
twashufu
|
| 2nd person
|
washufu
|
mwashufu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ashufu
|
washufu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
washufu
|
yashufu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lashufu
|
yashufu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chashufu
|
vyashufu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yashufu
|
zashufu
|
| u(XI)
|
washufu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwashufu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pashufu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwashufu
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meshufu
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshashufu
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jashufu
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kishufu
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposhufu
|
| Consecutive
|
kashufu / positive subject concord + -kashufu
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kashufu
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nishufu
|
-tushufu
|
| 2nd person
|
-kushufu
|
-washufu/-kushufuni/-washufuni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mshufu
|
-washufu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ushufu
|
-ishufu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lishufu
|
-yashufu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kishufu
|
-vishufu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ishufu
|
-zishufu
|
| u(XI)
|
-ushufu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kushufu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pashufu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mushufu
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jishufu
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -shufu- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-shufuye
|
-shufuo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-shufuo
|
-shufuyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-shufulo
|
-shufuyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-shufucho
|
-shufuvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-shufuyo
|
-shufuzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-shufuo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-shufuko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-shufupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-shufumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -shufu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeshufu
|
-oshufu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oshufu
|
-yoshufu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loshufu
|
-yoshufu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choshufu
|
-vyoshufu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoshufu
|
-zoshufu
|
| u(XI)
|
-oshufu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koshufu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poshufu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moshufu
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
References
- ^ Baldi, Sergio (30 November 2020) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172 Nr. 1537