shukuma

Fanagalo

Etymology

From Zulu -shukuma.

Verb

shukuma

  1. to move, to stir

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-shúkuma

  1. (intransitive) to move, to stir

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-shukuma?

  1. (intransitive) to move, to stir

Inflection

tone unknown (infinitive ukushukuma)
positive negative
infinitive ukushukuma ukungashukumi
imperative
simple + object concord
singular shukuma -shukume
plural shukumani -shukumeni
present
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngiyashukuma, ngishukuma engishukumayo, engishukuma ngishukuma angishukumi engingashukumi ngingashukumi
2nd singular uyashukuma, ushukuma oshukumayo, oshukuma ushukuma awushukumi ongashukumi ungashukumi
1st plural siyashukuma, sishukuma esishukumayo, esishukuma sishukuma asishukumi esingashukumi singashukumi
2nd plural niyashukuma, nishukuma enishukumayo, enishukuma nishukuma anishukumi eningashukumi ningashukumi
class 1 uyashukuma, ushukuma oshukumayo, oshukuma eshukuma akashukumi ongashukumi engashukumi
class 2 bayashukuma, bashukuma abashukumayo, abashukuma beshukuma abashukumi abangashukumi bengashukumi
class 3 uyashukuma, ushukuma oshukumayo, oshukuma ushukuma awushukumi ongashukumi ungashukumi
class 4 iyashukuma, ishukuma eshukumayo, eshukuma ishukuma ayishukumi engashukumi ingashukumi
class 5 liyashukuma, lishukuma elishukumayo, elishukuma lishukuma alishukumi elingashukumi lingashukumi
class 6 ayashukuma, ashukuma ashukumayo, ashukuma eshukuma awashukumi angashukumi engashukumi
class 7 siyashukuma, sishukuma esishukumayo, esishukuma sishukuma asishukumi esingashukumi singashukumi
class 8 ziyashukuma, zishukuma ezishukumayo, ezishukuma zishukuma azishukumi ezingashukumi zingashukumi
class 9 iyashukuma, ishukuma eshukumayo, eshukuma ishukuma ayishukumi engashukumi ingashukumi
class 10 ziyashukuma, zishukuma ezishukumayo, ezishukuma zishukuma azishukumi ezingashukumi zingashukumi
class 11 luyashukuma, lushukuma olushukumayo, olushukuma lushukuma alushukumi olungashukumi lungashukumi
class 14 buyashukuma, bushukuma obushukumayo, obushukuma bushukuma abushukumi obungashukumi bungashukumi
class 15 kuyashukuma, kushukuma okushukumayo, okushukuma kushukuma akushukumi okungashukumi kungashukumi
class 17 kuyashukuma, kushukuma okushukumayo, okushukuma kushukuma akushukumi okungashukumi kungashukumi
recent past
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngishukumile, ngishukumē engishukumile, engishukumē ngishukumile, ngishukumē angishukumanga engingashukumanga ngingashukumanga
2nd singular ushukumile, ushukumē oshukumile, oshukumē ushukumile, ushukumē awushukumanga ongashukumanga ungashukumanga
1st plural sishukumile, sishukumē esishukumile, esishukumē sishukumile, sishukumē asishukumanga esingashukumanga singashukumanga
2nd plural nishukumile, nishukumē enishukumile, enishukumē nishukumile, nishukumē anishukumanga eningashukumanga ningashukumanga
class 1 ushukumile, ushukumē oshukumile, oshukumē eshukumile, eshukumē akashukumanga ongashukumanga engashukumanga
class 2 bashukumile, bashukumē abashukumile, abashukumē beshukumile, beshukumē abashukumanga abangashukumanga bengashukumanga
class 3 ushukumile, ushukumē oshukumile, oshukumē ushukumile, ushukumē awushukumanga ongashukumanga ungashukumanga
class 4 ishukumile, ishukumē eshukumile, eshukumē ishukumile, ishukumē ayishukumanga engashukumanga ingashukumanga
class 5 lishukumile, lishukumē elishukumile, elishukumē lishukumile, lishukumē alishukumanga elingashukumanga lingashukumanga
class 6 ashukumile, ashukumē ashukumile, ashukumē eshukumile, eshukumē awashukumanga angashukumanga engashukumanga
class 7 sishukumile, sishukumē esishukumile, esishukumē sishukumile, sishukumē asishukumanga esingashukumanga singashukumanga
class 8 zishukumile, zishukumē ezishukumile, ezishukumē zishukumile, zishukumē azishukumanga ezingashukumanga zingashukumanga
class 9 ishukumile, ishukumē eshukumile, eshukumē ishukumile, ishukumē ayishukumanga engashukumanga ingashukumanga
class 10 zishukumile, zishukumē ezishukumile, ezishukumē zishukumile, zishukumē azishukumanga ezingashukumanga zingashukumanga
class 11 lushukumile, lushukumē olushukumile, olushukumē lushukumile, lushukumē alushukumanga olungashukumanga lungashukumanga
class 14 bushukumile, bushukumē obushukumile, obushukumē bushukumile, bushukumē abushukumanga obungashukumanga bungashukumanga
class 15 kushukumile, kushukumē okushukumile, okushukumē kushukumile, kushukumē akushukumanga okungashukumanga kungashukumanga
class 17 kushukumile, kushukumē okushukumile, okushukumē kushukumile, kushukumē akushukumanga okungashukumanga kungashukumanga
remote past
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngāshukuma engāshukuma ngāshukuma angishukumanga engingashukumanga ngingashukumanga
2nd singular wāshukuma owāshukuma wāshukuma awushukumanga ongashukumanga ungashukumanga
1st plural sāshukuma esāshukuma sāshukuma asishukumanga esingashukumanga singashukumanga
2nd plural nāshukuma enāshukuma nāshukuma anishukumanga eningashukumanga ningashukumanga
class 1 wāshukuma owāshukuma āshukuma akashukumanga ongashukumanga engashukumanga
class 2 bāshukuma abāshukuma bāshukuma abashukumanga abangashukumanga bengashukumanga
class 3 wāshukuma owāshukuma wāshukuma awushukumanga ongashukumanga ungashukumanga
class 4 yāshukuma eyāshukuma yāshukuma ayishukumanga engashukumanga ingashukumanga
class 5 lāshukuma elāshukuma lāshukuma alishukumanga elingashukumanga lingashukumanga
class 6 āshukuma āshukuma āshukuma awashukumanga angashukumanga engashukumanga
class 7 sāshukuma esāshukuma sāshukuma asishukumanga esingashukumanga singashukumanga
class 8 zāshukuma ezāshukuma zāshukuma azishukumanga ezingashukumanga zingashukumanga
class 9 yāshukuma eyāshukuma yāshukuma ayishukumanga engashukumanga ingashukumanga
class 10 zāshukuma ezāshukuma zāshukuma azishukumanga ezingashukumanga zingashukumanga
class 11 lwāshukuma olwāshukuma lwāshukuma alushukumanga olungashukumanga lungashukumanga
class 14 bāshukuma obāshukuma bāshukuma abushukumanga obungashukumanga bungashukumanga
class 15 kwāshukuma okwāshukuma kwāshukuma akushukumanga okungashukumanga kungashukumanga
class 17 kwāshukuma okwāshukuma kwāshukuma akushukumanga okungashukumanga kungashukumanga
potential
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngingashukuma — ngingashukuma ngingeshukume — ngingeshukume
2nd singular ungashukuma — ungashukuma ungeshukume — ungeshukume
1st plural singashukuma — singashukuma singeshukume — singeshukume
2nd plural ningashukuma — ningashukuma ningeshukume — ningeshukume
class 1 angashukuma — engashukuma angeshukume — engeshukume
class 2 bangashukuma — bengashukuma bangeshukume — bengeshukume
class 3 ungashukuma — ungashukuma ungeshukume — ungeshukume
class 4 ingashukuma — ingashukuma ingeshukume — ingeshukume
class 5 lingashukuma — lingashukuma lingeshukume — lingeshukume
class 6 angashukuma — engashukuma angeshukume — engeshukume
class 7 singashukuma — singashukuma singeshukume — singeshukume
class 8 zingashukuma — zingashukuma zingeshukume — zingeshukume
class 9 ingashukuma — ingashukuma ingeshukume — ingeshukume
class 10 zingashukuma — zingashukuma zingeshukume — zingeshukume
class 11 lungashukuma — lungashukuma lungeshukume — lungeshukume
class 14 bungashukuma — bungashukuma bungeshukume — bungeshukume
class 15 kungashukuma — kungashukuma kungeshukume — kungeshukume
class 17 kungashukuma — kungashukuma kungeshukume — kungeshukume
immediate future
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngizoshukuma engizoshukuma ngizoshukuma angizushukuma engingezushukuma ngingezushukuma
2nd singular uzoshukuma ozoshukuma uzoshukuma awuzushukuma ongezushukuma ungezushukuma
1st plural sizoshukuma esizoshukuma sizoshukuma asizushukuma esingezushukuma singezushukuma
2nd plural nizoshukuma enizoshukuma nizoshukuma anizushukuma eningezushukuma ningezushukuma
class 1 uzoshukuma ozoshukuma ezoshukuma akazushukuma ongezushukuma engezushukuma
class 2 bazoshukuma abazoshukuma bezoshukuma abazushukuma abangezushukuma bengezushukuma
class 3 uzoshukuma ozoshukuma uzoshukuma awuzushukuma ongezushukuma ungezushukuma
class 4 izoshukuma ezoshukuma izoshukuma ayizushukuma engezushukuma ingezushukuma
class 5 lizoshukuma elizoshukuma lizoshukuma alizushukuma elingezushukuma lingezushukuma
class 6 azoshukuma azoshukuma ezoshukuma awazushukuma angezushukuma engezushukuma
class 7 sizoshukuma esizoshukuma sizoshukuma asizushukuma esingezushukuma singezushukuma
class 8 zizoshukuma ezizoshukuma zizoshukuma azizushukuma ezingezushukuma zingezushukuma
class 9 izoshukuma ezoshukuma izoshukuma ayizushukuma engezushukuma ingezushukuma
class 10 zizoshukuma ezizoshukuma zizoshukuma azizushukuma ezingezushukuma zingezushukuma
class 11 luzoshukuma oluzoshukuma luzoshukuma aluzushukuma olungezushukuma lungezushukuma
class 14 buzoshukuma obuzoshukuma buzoshukuma abuzushukuma obungezushukuma bungezushukuma
class 15 kuzoshukuma okuzoshukuma kuzoshukuma akuzushukuma okungezushukuma kungezushukuma
class 17 kuzoshukuma okuzoshukuma kuzoshukuma akuzushukuma okungezushukuma kungezushukuma
remote future
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngiyoshukuma engiyoshukuma ngiyoshukuma angiyushukuma engingeyushukuma ngingeyushukuma
2nd singular uyoshukuma oyoshukuma uyoshukuma awuyushukuma ongeyushukuma ungeyushukuma
1st plural siyoshukuma esiyoshukuma siyoshukuma asiyushukuma esingeyushukuma singeyushukuma
2nd plural niyoshukuma eniyoshukuma niyoshukuma aniyushukuma eningeyushukuma ningeyushukuma
class 1 uyoshukuma oyoshukuma eyoshukuma akayushukuma ongeyushukuma engeyushukuma
class 2 bayoshukuma abayoshukuma beyoshukuma abayushukuma abangeyushukuma bengeyushukuma
class 3 uyoshukuma oyoshukuma uyoshukuma awuyushukuma ongeyushukuma ungeyushukuma
class 4 iyoshukuma eyoshukuma iyoshukuma ayiyushukuma engeyushukuma ingeyushukuma
class 5 liyoshukuma eliyoshukuma liyoshukuma aliyushukuma elingeyushukuma lingeyushukuma
class 6 ayoshukuma ayoshukuma eyoshukuma awayushukuma angeyushukuma engeyushukuma
class 7 siyoshukuma esiyoshukuma siyoshukuma asiyushukuma esingeyushukuma singeyushukuma
class 8 ziyoshukuma eziyoshukuma ziyoshukuma aziyushukuma ezingeyushukuma zingeyushukuma
class 9 iyoshukuma eyoshukuma iyoshukuma ayiyushukuma engeyushukuma ingeyushukuma
class 10 ziyoshukuma eziyoshukuma ziyoshukuma aziyushukuma ezingeyushukuma zingeyushukuma
class 11 luyoshukuma oluyoshukuma luyoshukuma aluyushukuma olungeyushukuma lungeyushukuma
class 14 buyoshukuma obuyoshukuma buyoshukuma abuyushukuma obungeyushukuma bungeyushukuma
class 15 kuyoshukuma okuyoshukuma kuyoshukuma akuyushukuma okungeyushukuma kungeyushukuma
class 17 kuyoshukuma okuyoshukuma kuyoshukuma akuyushukuma okungeyushukuma kungeyushukuma
present subjunctive
positive negative
1st singular ngishukume ngingashukumi
2nd singular ushukume ungashukumi
1st plural sishukume singashukumi
2nd plural nishukume ningashukumi
class 1 ashukume angashukumi
class 2 bashukume bangashukumi
class 3 ushukume ungashukumi
class 4 ishukume ingashukumi
class 5 lishukume lingashukumi
class 6 ashukume angashukumi
class 7 sishukume singashukumi
class 8 zishukume zingashukumi
class 9 ishukume ingashukumi
class 10 zishukume zingashukumi
class 11 lushukume lungashukumi
class 14 bushukume bungashukumi
class 15 kushukume kungashukumi
class 17 kushukume kungashukumi
past subjunctive
positive negative
1st singular ngashukuma ngangashukuma, angashukuma, angangashukuma
2nd singular washukuma wangashukuma, awashukuma, awangashukuma
1st plural sashukuma sangashukuma, asashukuma, asangashukuma
2nd plural nashukuma nangashukuma, anashukuma, anangashukuma
class 1 washukuma wangashukuma, akashukuma, akangashukuma
class 2 bashukuma bangashukuma, abashukuma, abangashukuma
class 3 washukuma wangashukuma, awashukuma, awangashukuma
class 4 yashukuma yangashukuma, ayashukuma, ayangashukuma
class 5 lashukuma langashukuma, alashukuma, alangashukuma
class 6 ashukuma angashukuma, awashukuma, awangashukuma
class 7 sashukuma sangashukuma, asashukuma, asangashukuma
class 8 zashukuma zangashukuma, azashukuma, azangashukuma
class 9 yashukuma yangashukuma, ayashukuma, ayangashukuma
class 10 zashukuma zangashukuma, azashukuma, azangashukuma
class 11 lwashukuma lwangashukuma, alwashukuma, alwangashukuma
class 14 bashukuma bangashukuma, abashukuma, abangashukuma
class 15 kwashukuma kwangashukuma, akwashukuma, akwangashukuma
class 17 kwashukuma kwangashukuma, akwashukuma, akwangashukuma

Derived terms

References

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