shunqa

Zulu

Verb

-shunqa

  1. (intransitive) to tower, to rise up (in a column)
  2. (intransitive) to smoke (emit smoke)
  3. (intransitive) to shoot forth, to dart off

Inflection

tone L (infinitive ukushunqa)
positive negative
infinitive ukushunqa ukungashunqi
imperative
simple + object concord
singular shunqa -shunqe
plural shunqani -shunqeni
present
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngiyashunqa, ngishunqa engishunqayo, engishunqa ngishunqa angishunqi engingashunqi ngingashunqi
2nd singular uyashunqa, ushunqa oshunqayo, oshunqa ushunqa awushunqi ongashunqi ungashunqi
1st plural siyashunqa, sishunqa esishunqayo, esishunqa sishunqa asishunqi esingashunqi singashunqi
2nd plural niyashunqa, nishunqa enishunqayo, enishunqa nishunqa anishunqi eningashunqi ningashunqi
class 1 uyashunqa, ushunqa oshunqayo, oshunqa eshunqa akashunqi ongashunqi engashunqi
class 2 bayashunqa, bashunqa abashunqayo, abashunqa beshunqa abashunqi abangashunqi bengashunqi
class 3 uyashunqa, ushunqa oshunqayo, oshunqa ushunqa awushunqi ongashunqi ungashunqi
class 4 iyashunqa, ishunqa eshunqayo, eshunqa ishunqa ayishunqi engashunqi ingashunqi
class 5 liyashunqa, lishunqa elishunqayo, elishunqa lishunqa alishunqi elingashunqi lingashunqi
class 6 ayashunqa, ashunqa ashunqayo, ashunqa eshunqa awashunqi angashunqi engashunqi
class 7 siyashunqa, sishunqa esishunqayo, esishunqa sishunqa asishunqi esingashunqi singashunqi
class 8 ziyashunqa, zishunqa ezishunqayo, ezishunqa zishunqa azishunqi ezingashunqi zingashunqi
class 9 iyashunqa, ishunqa eshunqayo, eshunqa ishunqa ayishunqi engashunqi ingashunqi
class 10 ziyashunqa, zishunqa ezishunqayo, ezishunqa zishunqa azishunqi ezingashunqi zingashunqi
class 11 luyashunqa, lushunqa olushunqayo, olushunqa lushunqa alushunqi olungashunqi lungashunqi
class 14 buyashunqa, bushunqa obushunqayo, obushunqa bushunqa abushunqi obungashunqi bungashunqi
class 15 kuyashunqa, kushunqa okushunqayo, okushunqa kushunqa akushunqi okungashunqi kungashunqi
class 17 kuyashunqa, kushunqa okushunqayo, okushunqa kushunqa akushunqi okungashunqi kungashunqi
recent past
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngishunqile, ngishunqē engishunqile, engishunqē ngishunqile, ngishunqē angishunqanga engingashunqanga ngingashunqanga
2nd singular ushunqile, ushunqē oshunqile, oshunqē ushunqile, ushunqē awushunqanga ongashunqanga ungashunqanga
1st plural sishunqile, sishunqē esishunqile, esishunqē sishunqile, sishunqē asishunqanga esingashunqanga singashunqanga
2nd plural nishunqile, nishunqē enishunqile, enishunqē nishunqile, nishunqē anishunqanga eningashunqanga ningashunqanga
class 1 ushunqile, ushunqē oshunqile, oshunqē eshunqile, eshunqē akashunqanga ongashunqanga engashunqanga
class 2 bashunqile, bashunqē abashunqile, abashunqē beshunqile, beshunqē abashunqanga abangashunqanga bengashunqanga
class 3 ushunqile, ushunqē oshunqile, oshunqē ushunqile, ushunqē awushunqanga ongashunqanga ungashunqanga
class 4 ishunqile, ishunqē eshunqile, eshunqē ishunqile, ishunqē ayishunqanga engashunqanga ingashunqanga
class 5 lishunqile, lishunqē elishunqile, elishunqē lishunqile, lishunqē alishunqanga elingashunqanga lingashunqanga
class 6 ashunqile, ashunqē ashunqile, ashunqē eshunqile, eshunqē awashunqanga angashunqanga engashunqanga
class 7 sishunqile, sishunqē esishunqile, esishunqē sishunqile, sishunqē asishunqanga esingashunqanga singashunqanga
class 8 zishunqile, zishunqē ezishunqile, ezishunqē zishunqile, zishunqē azishunqanga ezingashunqanga zingashunqanga
class 9 ishunqile, ishunqē eshunqile, eshunqē ishunqile, ishunqē ayishunqanga engashunqanga ingashunqanga
class 10 zishunqile, zishunqē ezishunqile, ezishunqē zishunqile, zishunqē azishunqanga ezingashunqanga zingashunqanga
class 11 lushunqile, lushunqē olushunqile, olushunqē lushunqile, lushunqē alushunqanga olungashunqanga lungashunqanga
class 14 bushunqile, bushunqē obushunqile, obushunqē bushunqile, bushunqē abushunqanga obungashunqanga bungashunqanga
class 15 kushunqile, kushunqē okushunqile, okushunqē kushunqile, kushunqē akushunqanga okungashunqanga kungashunqanga
class 17 kushunqile, kushunqē okushunqile, okushunqē kushunqile, kushunqē akushunqanga okungashunqanga kungashunqanga
remote past
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngāshunqa engāshunqa ngāshunqa angishunqanga engingashunqanga ngingashunqanga
2nd singular wāshunqa owāshunqa wāshunqa awushunqanga ongashunqanga ungashunqanga
1st plural sāshunqa esāshunqa sāshunqa asishunqanga esingashunqanga singashunqanga
2nd plural nāshunqa enāshunqa nāshunqa anishunqanga eningashunqanga ningashunqanga
class 1 wāshunqa owāshunqa āshunqa akashunqanga ongashunqanga engashunqanga
class 2 bāshunqa abāshunqa bāshunqa abashunqanga abangashunqanga bengashunqanga
class 3 wāshunqa owāshunqa wāshunqa awushunqanga ongashunqanga ungashunqanga
class 4 yāshunqa eyāshunqa yāshunqa ayishunqanga engashunqanga ingashunqanga
class 5 lāshunqa elāshunqa lāshunqa alishunqanga elingashunqanga lingashunqanga
class 6 āshunqa āshunqa āshunqa awashunqanga angashunqanga engashunqanga
class 7 sāshunqa esāshunqa sāshunqa asishunqanga esingashunqanga singashunqanga
class 8 zāshunqa ezāshunqa zāshunqa azishunqanga ezingashunqanga zingashunqanga
class 9 yāshunqa eyāshunqa yāshunqa ayishunqanga engashunqanga ingashunqanga
class 10 zāshunqa ezāshunqa zāshunqa azishunqanga ezingashunqanga zingashunqanga
class 11 lwāshunqa olwāshunqa lwāshunqa alushunqanga olungashunqanga lungashunqanga
class 14 bāshunqa obāshunqa bāshunqa abushunqanga obungashunqanga bungashunqanga
class 15 kwāshunqa okwāshunqa kwāshunqa akushunqanga okungashunqanga kungashunqanga
class 17 kwāshunqa okwāshunqa kwāshunqa akushunqanga okungashunqanga kungashunqanga
potential
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngingashunqa — ngingashunqa ngingeshunqe — ngingeshunqe
2nd singular ungashunqa — ungashunqa ungeshunqe — ungeshunqe
1st plural singashunqa — singashunqa singeshunqe — singeshunqe
2nd plural ningashunqa — ningashunqa ningeshunqe — ningeshunqe
class 1 angashunqa — engashunqa angeshunqe — engeshunqe
class 2 bangashunqa — bengashunqa bangeshunqe — bengeshunqe
class 3 ungashunqa — ungashunqa ungeshunqe — ungeshunqe
class 4 ingashunqa — ingashunqa ingeshunqe — ingeshunqe
class 5 lingashunqa — lingashunqa lingeshunqe — lingeshunqe
class 6 angashunqa — engashunqa angeshunqe — engeshunqe
class 7 singashunqa — singashunqa singeshunqe — singeshunqe
class 8 zingashunqa — zingashunqa zingeshunqe — zingeshunqe
class 9 ingashunqa — ingashunqa ingeshunqe — ingeshunqe
class 10 zingashunqa — zingashunqa zingeshunqe — zingeshunqe
class 11 lungashunqa — lungashunqa lungeshunqe — lungeshunqe
class 14 bungashunqa — bungashunqa bungeshunqe — bungeshunqe
class 15 kungashunqa — kungashunqa kungeshunqe — kungeshunqe
class 17 kungashunqa — kungashunqa kungeshunqe — kungeshunqe
immediate future
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngizoshunqa engizoshunqa ngizoshunqa angizushunqa engingezushunqa ngingezushunqa
2nd singular uzoshunqa ozoshunqa uzoshunqa awuzushunqa ongezushunqa ungezushunqa
1st plural sizoshunqa esizoshunqa sizoshunqa asizushunqa esingezushunqa singezushunqa
2nd plural nizoshunqa enizoshunqa nizoshunqa anizushunqa eningezushunqa ningezushunqa
class 1 uzoshunqa ozoshunqa ezoshunqa akazushunqa ongezushunqa engezushunqa
class 2 bazoshunqa abazoshunqa bezoshunqa abazushunqa abangezushunqa bengezushunqa
class 3 uzoshunqa ozoshunqa uzoshunqa awuzushunqa ongezushunqa ungezushunqa
class 4 izoshunqa ezoshunqa izoshunqa ayizushunqa engezushunqa ingezushunqa
class 5 lizoshunqa elizoshunqa lizoshunqa alizushunqa elingezushunqa lingezushunqa
class 6 azoshunqa azoshunqa ezoshunqa awazushunqa angezushunqa engezushunqa
class 7 sizoshunqa esizoshunqa sizoshunqa asizushunqa esingezushunqa singezushunqa
class 8 zizoshunqa ezizoshunqa zizoshunqa azizushunqa ezingezushunqa zingezushunqa
class 9 izoshunqa ezoshunqa izoshunqa ayizushunqa engezushunqa ingezushunqa
class 10 zizoshunqa ezizoshunqa zizoshunqa azizushunqa ezingezushunqa zingezushunqa
class 11 luzoshunqa oluzoshunqa luzoshunqa aluzushunqa olungezushunqa lungezushunqa
class 14 buzoshunqa obuzoshunqa buzoshunqa abuzushunqa obungezushunqa bungezushunqa
class 15 kuzoshunqa okuzoshunqa kuzoshunqa akuzushunqa okungezushunqa kungezushunqa
class 17 kuzoshunqa okuzoshunqa kuzoshunqa akuzushunqa okungezushunqa kungezushunqa
remote future
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngiyoshunqa engiyoshunqa ngiyoshunqa angiyushunqa engingeyushunqa ngingeyushunqa
2nd singular uyoshunqa oyoshunqa uyoshunqa awuyushunqa ongeyushunqa ungeyushunqa
1st plural siyoshunqa esiyoshunqa siyoshunqa asiyushunqa esingeyushunqa singeyushunqa
2nd plural niyoshunqa eniyoshunqa niyoshunqa aniyushunqa eningeyushunqa ningeyushunqa
class 1 uyoshunqa oyoshunqa eyoshunqa akayushunqa ongeyushunqa engeyushunqa
class 2 bayoshunqa abayoshunqa beyoshunqa abayushunqa abangeyushunqa bengeyushunqa
class 3 uyoshunqa oyoshunqa uyoshunqa awuyushunqa ongeyushunqa ungeyushunqa
class 4 iyoshunqa eyoshunqa iyoshunqa ayiyushunqa engeyushunqa ingeyushunqa
class 5 liyoshunqa eliyoshunqa liyoshunqa aliyushunqa elingeyushunqa lingeyushunqa
class 6 ayoshunqa ayoshunqa eyoshunqa awayushunqa angeyushunqa engeyushunqa
class 7 siyoshunqa esiyoshunqa siyoshunqa asiyushunqa esingeyushunqa singeyushunqa
class 8 ziyoshunqa eziyoshunqa ziyoshunqa aziyushunqa ezingeyushunqa zingeyushunqa
class 9 iyoshunqa eyoshunqa iyoshunqa ayiyushunqa engeyushunqa ingeyushunqa
class 10 ziyoshunqa eziyoshunqa ziyoshunqa aziyushunqa ezingeyushunqa zingeyushunqa
class 11 luyoshunqa oluyoshunqa luyoshunqa aluyushunqa olungeyushunqa lungeyushunqa
class 14 buyoshunqa obuyoshunqa buyoshunqa abuyushunqa obungeyushunqa bungeyushunqa
class 15 kuyoshunqa okuyoshunqa kuyoshunqa akuyushunqa okungeyushunqa kungeyushunqa
class 17 kuyoshunqa okuyoshunqa kuyoshunqa akuyushunqa okungeyushunqa kungeyushunqa
present subjunctive
positive negative
1st singular ngishunqe ngingashunqi
2nd singular ushunqe ungashunqi
1st plural sishunqe singashunqi
2nd plural nishunqe ningashunqi
class 1 ashunqe angashunqi
class 2 bashunqe bangashunqi
class 3 ushunqe ungashunqi
class 4 ishunqe ingashunqi
class 5 lishunqe lingashunqi
class 6 ashunqe angashunqi
class 7 sishunqe singashunqi
class 8 zishunqe zingashunqi
class 9 ishunqe ingashunqi
class 10 zishunqe zingashunqi
class 11 lushunqe lungashunqi
class 14 bushunqe bungashunqi
class 15 kushunqe kungashunqi
class 17 kushunqe kungashunqi
past subjunctive
positive negative
1st singular ngashunqa ngangashunqa, angashunqa, angangashunqa
2nd singular washunqa wangashunqa, awashunqa, awangashunqa
1st plural sashunqa sangashunqa, asashunqa, asangashunqa
2nd plural nashunqa nangashunqa, anashunqa, anangashunqa
class 1 washunqa wangashunqa, akashunqa, akangashunqa
class 2 bashunqa bangashunqa, abashunqa, abangashunqa
class 3 washunqa wangashunqa, awashunqa, awangashunqa
class 4 yashunqa yangashunqa, ayashunqa, ayangashunqa
class 5 lashunqa langashunqa, alashunqa, alangashunqa
class 6 ashunqa angashunqa, awashunqa, awangashunqa
class 7 sashunqa sangashunqa, asashunqa, asangashunqa
class 8 zashunqa zangashunqa, azashunqa, azangashunqa
class 9 yashunqa yangashunqa, ayashunqa, ayangashunqa
class 10 zashunqa zangashunqa, azashunqa, azangashunqa
class 11 lwashunqa lwangashunqa, alwashunqa, alwangashunqa
class 14 bashunqa bangashunqa, abashunqa, abangashunqa
class 15 kwashunqa kwangashunqa, akwashunqa, akwangashunqa
class 17 kwashunqa kwangashunqa, akwashunqa, akwangashunqa

References

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