smaka
Latvian
Alternative forms
- (dialectal) smaks
Etymology
Traditionally considered borrowed from Middle Low German smak (“taste; smell”) or Saterland Frisian smaka or Middle Dutch smake, which is supported by its use in 17th-century texts to mean not only “smell,” but also “taste.” This may however have been a purely written usage, given the absence at the time of a term for “taste;” other writings of the period suggest that the “taste” meaning was rare or unattested among speakers. If this is so, the word might actually not be a borrowing, but an indigenous formation, from the stem of the verb smakt (“to stifle; to choke; to gasp”) (q.v.), made into a 4th-declension feminine noun. Since ancient Baltic and Iranian tribes were neighbors for some time, there may also be influence from Iranian languages (cf. Ossetian смаг (smag, “odor”). Originally, smaka had a broader meaning, “smell, odor” (in general); in the 19th century, the phrase laba smaka “good odor” still occurred. Later on it switched senses with smarža (which used to mean “bad smell” but is now neutral; q.v.).[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
smaka m
- (dialectal) genitive singular of smaks
smaka f (4th declension)
- (usually bad) smell, stink, stench
- nepatīkama, kodīga smaka ― unpleasant, pungent smell
- pēlējuma, sēra, sviedru smaka ― mold, sulphur, sweat smell
- salda, skāba smaka ― sweet, sour smell
- nejust nekādu smaku ― to not feel any smell
- sajust dūmu samku ― to feel the smell of smoke
- izvēdināt piedeguma smaku ― to disperse the burned smell (by ventilating the room)
- pretīga gruzduma smaka tā piesātinājusi visu apkārtni, ka grūti bija elpot ― the disgusting stench of smoke had saturated the whole neighborhood, so that it was hard to breathe
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | smaka | smakas |
| genitive | smakas | smaku |
| dative | smakai | smakām |
| accusative | smaku | smakas |
| instrumental | smaku | smakām |
| locative | smakā | smakās |
| vocative | smaka | smakas |
Synonyms
Related terms
- smakot
References
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “smaka”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary][1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
Etymology
From German Low German smaken.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /²smɑːkɑ/
Verb
smaka (present tense smakar or smaker, past tense smaka or smakte, past participle smaka or smakt, present participle smakande, imperative smak)
- to taste (something)
- Eg smakte på kaka. ― I tasted the cake.
- to taste (of something)
- Kaka smakte godt. ― The cake tasted nice.
Derived terms
- smakebete
Related terms
- smak (noun)
References
- “smaka” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsma.ka/
- (Greater Poland):
- (Central Greater Poland) IPA(key): /ˈsma.ka/
- (Masovia):
- (Far Masovian) IPA(key): /ˈsma.ka/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -aka
- Syllabification: sma‧ka
Etymology 1
See smak.
Noun
smaka f
- (Central Greater Poland, Far Masovian) alternative form of smak
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
smaka m inan
- (colloquial) accusative/genitive singular of smak
Further reading
- Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “smaka”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 122
- Oskar Kolberg (1877) “smaka”, in “Rzecz o mowie ludu wielkopolskiego”, in Zbiór wiadomości do antropologii krajowéj (in Polish), volume 1, III (Materyjały etnologiczne), page 23
- Stanisław Ciszewski (1916) “smaka”, in “Przyczynek do słownika gwary wielkopolskiej”, in Prace Filologiczne (in Polish), volume 8, z. 1, Warsaw: skł. gł. w Księgarni E. Wende i Ska, page 98
Swedish
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Verb
smaka (present smakar, preterite smakade, supine smakat, imperative smaka)
- to taste (something)
- Hon hade aldrig smakat glass förut
- She had never tasted ice cream before
- – Det ser gott ut! – Vill du smaka?
- – It looks good! – Want a taste? [Do you want to taste?]
- to taste (have a (certain) taste)
- Det smakar jordgubb
- It tastes like strawberry
- Maten smakade bra
- The food tasted good
Conjugation
| active | passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | smaka | smakas | ||
| supine | smakat | smakats | ||
| imperative | smaka | — | ||
| imper. plural1 | smaken | — | ||
| present | past | present | past | |
| indicative | smakar | smakade | smakas | smakades |
| ind. plural1 | smaka | smakade | smakas | smakades |
| subjunctive2 | smake | smakade | smakes | smakades |
| present participle | smakande | |||
| past participle | smakad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
Derived terms
- få smaka på sin egen medicin
- kosta mer än det smakar
- smakar det så kostar det
Related terms
References
- smaka in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- smaka in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- smaka in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)