sourdiner
French
Etymology
From sourdine (“mute”) + -er (verbal infinitive suffix).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /suʁ.di.ne/
Audio: (file)
Verb
sourdiner
- (engineering) to stop the vibrations of a power line support [since 20th c.]
Conjugation
Conjugation of sourdiner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | sourdiner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | sourdinant /suʁ.di.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | sourdiné /suʁ.di.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | sourdine /suʁ.din/ |
sourdines /suʁ.din/ |
sourdine /suʁ.din/ |
sourdinons /suʁ.di.nɔ̃/ |
sourdinez /suʁ.di.ne/ |
sourdinent /suʁ.din/ |
| imperfect | sourdinais /suʁ.di.nɛ/ |
sourdinais /suʁ.di.nɛ/ |
sourdinait /suʁ.di.nɛ/ |
sourdinions /suʁ.di.njɔ̃/ |
sourdiniez /suʁ.di.nje/ |
sourdinaient /suʁ.di.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | sourdinai /suʁ.di.ne/ |
sourdinas /suʁ.di.na/ |
sourdina /suʁ.di.na/ |
sourdinâmes /suʁ.di.nam/ |
sourdinâtes /suʁ.di.nat/ |
sourdinèrent /suʁ.di.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | sourdinerai /suʁ.din.ʁe/ |
sourdineras /suʁ.din.ʁa/ |
sourdinera /suʁ.din.ʁa/ |
sourdinerons /suʁ.din.ʁɔ̃/ |
sourdinerez /suʁ.din.ʁe/ |
sourdineront /suʁ.din.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | sourdinerais /suʁ.din.ʁɛ/ |
sourdinerais /suʁ.din.ʁɛ/ |
sourdinerait /suʁ.din.ʁɛ/ |
sourdinerions /suʁ.di.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
sourdineriez /suʁ.di.nə.ʁje/ |
sourdineraient /suʁ.din.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | sourdine /suʁ.din/ |
sourdines /suʁ.din/ |
sourdine /suʁ.din/ |
sourdinions /suʁ.di.njɔ̃/ |
sourdiniez /suʁ.di.nje/ |
sourdinent /suʁ.din/ |
| imperfect2 | sourdinasse /suʁ.di.nas/ |
sourdinasses /suʁ.di.nas/ |
sourdinât /suʁ.di.na/ |
sourdinassions /suʁ.di.na.sjɔ̃/ |
sourdinassiez /suʁ.di.na.sje/ |
sourdinassent /suʁ.di.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | sourdine /suʁ.din/ |
— | sourdinons /suʁ.di.nɔ̃/ |
sourdinez /suʁ.di.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “sourdiner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.