speal

English

Noun

speal

  1. Only used in speal-bone (“shoulder bone”)

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish spelaid, said by DIL to be from Middle English pelen (“peel”), though the s- remains unexplained.[1] The noun is derived from the verb.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sˠpʲalˠ/[2]

Verb

speal (present analytic spealann, future analytic spealfaidh, verbal noun spealadh, past participle spealta)

  1. to scythe, mow

Conjugation

conjugation of speal (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun spealadh
past participle spealta
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present spealaim spealann tú;
spealair† 		spealann sé, sí spealaimid spealann sibh spealann siad;
spealaid† 		a spealann; a spealas spealtar
past speal mé; spealas speal tú; spealais speal sé, sí spealamar; speal muid speal sibh; spealabhair speal siad; spealadar a speal /
ar speal* 		spealadh
past habitual spealainn spealtá spealadh sé, sí spealaimis; spealadh muid spealadh sibh spealaidís; spealadh siad a spealadh /
a spealadh* 		spealtaí
future spealfaidh mé;
spealfad 		spealfaidh tú;
spealfair† 		spealfaidh sé, sí spealfaimid;
spealfaidh muid 		spealfaidh sibh spealfaidh siad;
spealfaid† 		a spealfaidh; a spealfas spealfar
conditional spealfainn spealfá spealfadh sé, sí spealfaimis; spealfadh muid spealfadh sibh spealfaidís; spealfadh siad a spealfadh /
a spealfadh* 		spealfaí
subjunctive
present go speala mé;
go spealad† 		go speala tú;
go spealair† 		go speala sé, sí go spealaimid;
go speala muid 		go speala sibh go speala siad;
go spealaid† 		— go spealtar
past dá spealainn dá spealtá dá spealadh sé, sí dá spealaimis;
dá spealadh muid 		dá spealadh sibh dá spealaidís;
dá spealadh siad 		— dá spealtaí
imperative
– spealaim speal spealadh sé, sí spealaimis spealaigí;
spealaidh† 		spealaidís — spealtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form

Derived terms

Noun

speal f (genitive singular speile, nominative plural speala)

  1. scythe

Declension

Declension of speal (second declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative speal speala
vocative a speal a speala
genitive speile speal
dative speal speala
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an speal na speala
genitive na speile na speal
dative leis an speal
don speal 		leis na speala

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “spelaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 349, page 120

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish spelaid, said by DIL to be from Middle English pelen (“peel”), though the s- remains unexplained.[1] The noun is derived from the verb.

Pronunciation

Verb

speal (past speal, future spealaidh, verbal noun spealadh, past participle spealte)

  1. mow, cut down, scythe
  2. use cutting words

Noun

speal f (genitive singular speala, plural spealan)

  1. scythe, scythe-blade

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “spelaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  3. ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
  4. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  5. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. II: The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
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