toper
English
Etymology
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈtəʊpə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈtoʊpɚ/
- Rhymes: -əʊpə(ɹ)
Noun
toper (plural topers)
- (now literary) Someone who drinks alcoholic beverages a lot; a drunkard.
- Synonyms: alcoholic, drunkard, tosspot; see also Thesaurus:drunkard
- 1818, John Keats, On Some Skulls in Beauly Abbey, near Inverness:
- A Toper this! He plied his glass / More strictly than he said the Mass, […]
- 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “The Spouter-Inn”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 16:
- The liquor soon mounted into their heads, as it generally does even with the arrantest topers newly landed from sea, and they began capering about most obstreperously.
- 1863, J[oseph] Sheridan Le Fanu, “Narrating how Lieutenant Puddock and Captain Devereux Brewed a Bowl of Punch, and how They Sang and Discoursed Together”, in The House by the Church-yard. […], volume I, London: Tinsley, Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 304:
- […] Mrs. Irons rebelled in her bed, and refused peremptorily to get up again, to furnish the musical topers with rum and lemons, […]
- 1932, James T. Farrell, chapter 6, in Young Lonigan, →ISBN, section 3, page 156:
- “Well, if you ask me, Barney is a combination of eight ball, mick, and shonicker,” said McArdle, one of the corner topers.
- 1953 March, Baynham Honri, “Filming "The Titfield Thunderbolt"”, in Railway Magazine, page 164:
- George Relph plays the part of the Vicar of the Parish, a railway enthusiast, who becomes amateur engine driver, with Sir Godfrey Tearle (the Bishop) as his fireman, while Stanley Holloway is the genial toper who provides the cash to buy the line.
Translations
drunkard — see drunkard
Anagrams
French
Etymology
Onomatopoeic, from top + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɔ.pe/
Audio: (file)
Verb
toper
- to agree, consent
- to shake on it
- (climbing) to top out
Conjugation
Conjugation of toper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | toper | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | topant /tɔ.pɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | topé /tɔ.pe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tope /tɔp/ |
topes /tɔp/ |
tope /tɔp/ |
topons /tɔ.pɔ̃/ |
topez /tɔ.pe/ |
topent /tɔp/ |
imperfect | topais /tɔ.pɛ/ |
topais /tɔ.pɛ/ |
topait /tɔ.pɛ/ |
topions /tɔ.pjɔ̃/ |
topiez /tɔ.pje/ |
topaient /tɔ.pɛ/ | |
past historic2 | topai /tɔ.pe/ |
topas /tɔ.pa/ |
topa /tɔ.pa/ |
topâmes /tɔ.pam/ |
topâtes /tɔ.pat/ |
topèrent /tɔ.pɛʁ/ | |
future | toperai /tɔ.pʁe/ |
toperas /tɔ.pʁa/ |
topera /tɔ.pʁa/ |
toperons /tɔ.pʁɔ̃/ |
toperez /tɔ.pʁe/ |
toperont /tɔ.pʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | toperais /tɔ.pʁɛ/ |
toperais /tɔ.pʁɛ/ |
toperait /tɔ.pʁɛ/ |
toperions /tɔ.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
toperiez /tɔ.pə.ʁje/ |
toperaient /tɔ.pʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tope /tɔp/ |
topes /tɔp/ |
tope /tɔp/ |
topions /tɔ.pjɔ̃/ |
topiez /tɔ.pje/ |
topent /tɔp/ |
imperfect2 | topasse /tɔ.pas/ |
topasses /tɔ.pas/ |
topât /tɔ.pa/ |
topassions /tɔ.pa.sjɔ̃/ |
topassiez /tɔ.pa.sje/ |
topassent /tɔ.pas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | tope /tɔp/ |
— | topons /tɔ.pɔ̃/ |
topez /tɔ.pe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “toper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norman
Etymology
Verb
toper