tshela
Northern Sotho
Numeral
tshela
- six, 6
Phuthi
Verb
-tshela
- to pour in (till full)
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Sotho
Verb
tshela
- to pass over
Zulu
Etymology
From *-bʊ́ɪda, an applicative derivation of Common Bantu *-bʊ́ʊda. Cognate with Rwanda-Rundi -bwira and Sotho -jwetsa.
Verb
-tshéla
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukutshela | ukungatsheli | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | tshela | -tshele | ||||
| plural | tshelani | -tsheleni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyatshela, ngitshela | engitshelayo, engitshela | ngitshela | angitsheli | engingatsheli | ngingatsheli |
| 2nd singular | uyatshela, utshela | otshelayo, otshela | utshela | awutsheli | ongatsheli | ungatsheli |
| 1st plural | siyatshela, sitshela | esitshelayo, esitshela | sitshela | asitsheli | esingatsheli | singatsheli |
| 2nd plural | niyatshela, nitshela | enitshelayo, enitshela | nitshela | anitsheli | eningatsheli | ningatsheli |
| class 1 | uyatshela, utshela | otshelayo, otshela | etshela | akatsheli | ongatsheli | engatsheli |
| class 2 | bayatshela, batshela | abatshelayo, abatshela | betshela | abatsheli | abangatsheli | bengatsheli |
| class 3 | uyatshela, utshela | otshelayo, otshela | utshela | awutsheli | ongatsheli | ungatsheli |
| class 4 | iyatshela, itshela | etshelayo, etshela | itshela | ayitsheli | engatsheli | ingatsheli |
| class 5 | liyatshela, litshela | elitshelayo, elitshela | litshela | alitsheli | elingatsheli | lingatsheli |
| class 6 | ayatshela, atshela | atshelayo, atshela | etshela | awatsheli | angatsheli | engatsheli |
| class 7 | siyatshela, sitshela | esitshelayo, esitshela | sitshela | asitsheli | esingatsheli | singatsheli |
| class 8 | ziyatshela, zitshela | ezitshelayo, ezitshela | zitshela | azitsheli | ezingatsheli | zingatsheli |
| class 9 | iyatshela, itshela | etshelayo, etshela | itshela | ayitsheli | engatsheli | ingatsheli |
| class 10 | ziyatshela, zitshela | ezitshelayo, ezitshela | zitshela | azitsheli | ezingatsheli | zingatsheli |
| class 11 | luyatshela, lutshela | olutshelayo, olutshela | lutshela | alutsheli | olungatsheli | lungatsheli |
| class 14 | buyatshela, butshela | obutshelayo, obutshela | butshela | abutsheli | obungatsheli | bungatsheli |
| class 15 | kuyatshela, kutshela | okutshelayo, okutshela | kutshela | akutsheli | okungatsheli | kungatsheli |
| class 17 | kuyatshela, kutshela | okutshelayo, okutshela | kutshela | akutsheli | okungatsheli | kungatsheli |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngitshelile, ngitshelē | engitshelile, engitshelē | ngitshelile, ngitshelē | angitshelanga | engingatshelanga | ngingatshelanga |
| 2nd singular | utshelile, utshelē | otshelile, otshelē | utshelile, utshelē | awutshelanga | ongatshelanga | ungatshelanga |
| 1st plural | sitshelile, sitshelē | esitshelile, esitshelē | sitshelile, sitshelē | asitshelanga | esingatshelanga | singatshelanga |
| 2nd plural | nitshelile, nitshelē | enitshelile, enitshelē | nitshelile, nitshelē | anitshelanga | eningatshelanga | ningatshelanga |
| class 1 | utshelile, utshelē | otshelile, otshelē | etshelile, etshelē | akatshelanga | ongatshelanga | engatshelanga |
| class 2 | batshelile, batshelē | abatshelile, abatshelē | betshelile, betshelē | abatshelanga | abangatshelanga | bengatshelanga |
| class 3 | utshelile, utshelē | otshelile, otshelē | utshelile, utshelē | awutshelanga | ongatshelanga | ungatshelanga |
| class 4 | itshelile, itshelē | etshelile, etshelē | itshelile, itshelē | ayitshelanga | engatshelanga | ingatshelanga |
| class 5 | litshelile, litshelē | elitshelile, elitshelē | litshelile, litshelē | alitshelanga | elingatshelanga | lingatshelanga |
| class 6 | atshelile, atshelē | atshelile, atshelē | etshelile, etshelē | awatshelanga | angatshelanga | engatshelanga |
| class 7 | sitshelile, sitshelē | esitshelile, esitshelē | sitshelile, sitshelē | asitshelanga | esingatshelanga | singatshelanga |
| class 8 | zitshelile, zitshelē | ezitshelile, ezitshelē | zitshelile, zitshelē | azitshelanga | ezingatshelanga | zingatshelanga |
| class 9 | itshelile, itshelē | etshelile, etshelē | itshelile, itshelē | ayitshelanga | engatshelanga | ingatshelanga |
| class 10 | zitshelile, zitshelē | ezitshelile, ezitshelē | zitshelile, zitshelē | azitshelanga | ezingatshelanga | zingatshelanga |
| class 11 | lutshelile, lutshelē | olutshelile, olutshelē | lutshelile, lutshelē | alutshelanga | olungatshelanga | lungatshelanga |
| class 14 | butshelile, butshelē | obutshelile, obutshelē | butshelile, butshelē | abutshelanga | obungatshelanga | bungatshelanga |
| class 15 | kutshelile, kutshelē | okutshelile, okutshelē | kutshelile, kutshelē | akutshelanga | okungatshelanga | kungatshelanga |
| class 17 | kutshelile, kutshelē | okutshelile, okutshelē | kutshelile, kutshelē | akutshelanga | okungatshelanga | kungatshelanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngātshela | engātshela | ngātshela | angitshelanga | engingatshelanga | ngingatshelanga |
| 2nd singular | wātshela | owātshela | wātshela | awutshelanga | ongatshelanga | ungatshelanga |
| 1st plural | sātshela | esātshela | sātshela | asitshelanga | esingatshelanga | singatshelanga |
| 2nd plural | nātshela | enātshela | nātshela | anitshelanga | eningatshelanga | ningatshelanga |
| class 1 | wātshela | owātshela | ātshela | akatshelanga | ongatshelanga | engatshelanga |
| class 2 | bātshela | abātshela | bātshela | abatshelanga | abangatshelanga | bengatshelanga |
| class 3 | wātshela | owātshela | wātshela | awutshelanga | ongatshelanga | ungatshelanga |
| class 4 | yātshela | eyātshela | yātshela | ayitshelanga | engatshelanga | ingatshelanga |
| class 5 | lātshela | elātshela | lātshela | alitshelanga | elingatshelanga | lingatshelanga |
| class 6 | ātshela | ātshela | ātshela | awatshelanga | angatshelanga | engatshelanga |
| class 7 | sātshela | esātshela | sātshela | asitshelanga | esingatshelanga | singatshelanga |
| class 8 | zātshela | ezātshela | zātshela | azitshelanga | ezingatshelanga | zingatshelanga |
| class 9 | yātshela | eyātshela | yātshela | ayitshelanga | engatshelanga | ingatshelanga |
| class 10 | zātshela | ezātshela | zātshela | azitshelanga | ezingatshelanga | zingatshelanga |
| class 11 | lwātshela | olwātshela | lwātshela | alutshelanga | olungatshelanga | lungatshelanga |
| class 14 | bātshela | obātshela | bātshela | abutshelanga | obungatshelanga | bungatshelanga |
| class 15 | kwātshela | okwātshela | kwātshela | akutshelanga | okungatshelanga | kungatshelanga |
| class 17 | kwātshela | okwātshela | kwātshela | akutshelanga | okungatshelanga | kungatshelanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingatshela | — | ngingatshela | ngingetshele | — | ngingetshele |
| 2nd singular | ungatshela | — | ungatshela | ungetshele | — | ungetshele |
| 1st plural | singatshela | — | singatshela | singetshele | — | singetshele |
| 2nd plural | ningatshela | — | ningatshela | ningetshele | — | ningetshele |
| class 1 | angatshela | — | engatshela | angetshele | — | engetshele |
| class 2 | bangatshela | — | bengatshela | bangetshele | — | bengetshele |
| class 3 | ungatshela | — | ungatshela | ungetshele | — | ungetshele |
| class 4 | ingatshela | — | ingatshela | ingetshele | — | ingetshele |
| class 5 | lingatshela | — | lingatshela | lingetshele | — | lingetshele |
| class 6 | angatshela | — | engatshela | angetshele | — | engetshele |
| class 7 | singatshela | — | singatshela | singetshele | — | singetshele |
| class 8 | zingatshela | — | zingatshela | zingetshele | — | zingetshele |
| class 9 | ingatshela | — | ingatshela | ingetshele | — | ingetshele |
| class 10 | zingatshela | — | zingatshela | zingetshele | — | zingetshele |
| class 11 | lungatshela | — | lungatshela | lungetshele | — | lungetshele |
| class 14 | bungatshela | — | bungatshela | bungetshele | — | bungetshele |
| class 15 | kungatshela | — | kungatshela | kungetshele | — | kungetshele |
| class 17 | kungatshela | — | kungatshela | kungetshele | — | kungetshele |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizotshela | engizotshela | ngizotshela | angizutshela | engingezutshela | ngingezutshela |
| 2nd singular | uzotshela | ozotshela | uzotshela | awuzutshela | ongezutshela | ungezutshela |
| 1st plural | sizotshela | esizotshela | sizotshela | asizutshela | esingezutshela | singezutshela |
| 2nd plural | nizotshela | enizotshela | nizotshela | anizutshela | eningezutshela | ningezutshela |
| class 1 | uzotshela | ozotshela | ezotshela | akazutshela | ongezutshela | engezutshela |
| class 2 | bazotshela | abazotshela | bezotshela | abazutshela | abangezutshela | bengezutshela |
| class 3 | uzotshela | ozotshela | uzotshela | awuzutshela | ongezutshela | ungezutshela |
| class 4 | izotshela | ezotshela | izotshela | ayizutshela | engezutshela | ingezutshela |
| class 5 | lizotshela | elizotshela | lizotshela | alizutshela | elingezutshela | lingezutshela |
| class 6 | azotshela | azotshela | ezotshela | awazutshela | angezutshela | engezutshela |
| class 7 | sizotshela | esizotshela | sizotshela | asizutshela | esingezutshela | singezutshela |
| class 8 | zizotshela | ezizotshela | zizotshela | azizutshela | ezingezutshela | zingezutshela |
| class 9 | izotshela | ezotshela | izotshela | ayizutshela | engezutshela | ingezutshela |
| class 10 | zizotshela | ezizotshela | zizotshela | azizutshela | ezingezutshela | zingezutshela |
| class 11 | luzotshela | oluzotshela | luzotshela | aluzutshela | olungezutshela | lungezutshela |
| class 14 | buzotshela | obuzotshela | buzotshela | abuzutshela | obungezutshela | bungezutshela |
| class 15 | kuzotshela | okuzotshela | kuzotshela | akuzutshela | okungezutshela | kungezutshela |
| class 17 | kuzotshela | okuzotshela | kuzotshela | akuzutshela | okungezutshela | kungezutshela |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyotshela | engiyotshela | ngiyotshela | angiyutshela | engingeyutshela | ngingeyutshela |
| 2nd singular | uyotshela | oyotshela | uyotshela | awuyutshela | ongeyutshela | ungeyutshela |
| 1st plural | siyotshela | esiyotshela | siyotshela | asiyutshela | esingeyutshela | singeyutshela |
| 2nd plural | niyotshela | eniyotshela | niyotshela | aniyutshela | eningeyutshela | ningeyutshela |
| class 1 | uyotshela | oyotshela | eyotshela | akayutshela | ongeyutshela | engeyutshela |
| class 2 | bayotshela | abayotshela | beyotshela | abayutshela | abangeyutshela | bengeyutshela |
| class 3 | uyotshela | oyotshela | uyotshela | awuyutshela | ongeyutshela | ungeyutshela |
| class 4 | iyotshela | eyotshela | iyotshela | ayiyutshela | engeyutshela | ingeyutshela |
| class 5 | liyotshela | eliyotshela | liyotshela | aliyutshela | elingeyutshela | lingeyutshela |
| class 6 | ayotshela | ayotshela | eyotshela | awayutshela | angeyutshela | engeyutshela |
| class 7 | siyotshela | esiyotshela | siyotshela | asiyutshela | esingeyutshela | singeyutshela |
| class 8 | ziyotshela | eziyotshela | ziyotshela | aziyutshela | ezingeyutshela | zingeyutshela |
| class 9 | iyotshela | eyotshela | iyotshela | ayiyutshela | engeyutshela | ingeyutshela |
| class 10 | ziyotshela | eziyotshela | ziyotshela | aziyutshela | ezingeyutshela | zingeyutshela |
| class 11 | luyotshela | oluyotshela | luyotshela | aluyutshela | olungeyutshela | lungeyutshela |
| class 14 | buyotshela | obuyotshela | buyotshela | abuyutshela | obungeyutshela | bungeyutshela |
| class 15 | kuyotshela | okuyotshela | kuyotshela | akuyutshela | okungeyutshela | kungeyutshela |
| class 17 | kuyotshela | okuyotshela | kuyotshela | akuyutshela | okungeyutshela | kungeyutshela |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngitshele | ngingatsheli | ||||
| 2nd singular | utshele | ungatsheli | ||||
| 1st plural | sitshele | singatsheli | ||||
| 2nd plural | nitshele | ningatsheli | ||||
| class 1 | atshele | angatsheli | ||||
| class 2 | batshele | bangatsheli | ||||
| class 3 | utshele | ungatsheli | ||||
| class 4 | itshele | ingatsheli | ||||
| class 5 | litshele | lingatsheli | ||||
| class 6 | atshele | angatsheli | ||||
| class 7 | sitshele | singatsheli | ||||
| class 8 | zitshele | zingatsheli | ||||
| class 9 | itshele | ingatsheli | ||||
| class 10 | zitshele | zingatsheli | ||||
| class 11 | lutshele | lungatsheli | ||||
| class 14 | butshele | bungatsheli | ||||
| class 15 | kutshele | kungatsheli | ||||
| class 17 | kutshele | kungatsheli | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngatshela | ngangatshela, angatshela, angangatshela | ||||
| 2nd singular | watshela | wangatshela, awatshela, awangatshela | ||||
| 1st plural | satshela | sangatshela, asatshela, asangatshela | ||||
| 2nd plural | natshela | nangatshela, anatshela, anangatshela | ||||
| class 1 | watshela | wangatshela, akatshela, akangatshela | ||||
| class 2 | batshela | bangatshela, abatshela, abangatshela | ||||
| class 3 | watshela | wangatshela, awatshela, awangatshela | ||||
| class 4 | yatshela | yangatshela, ayatshela, ayangatshela | ||||
| class 5 | latshela | langatshela, alatshela, alangatshela | ||||
| class 6 | atshela | angatshela, awatshela, awangatshela | ||||
| class 7 | satshela | sangatshela, asatshela, asangatshela | ||||
| class 8 | zatshela | zangatshela, azatshela, azangatshela | ||||
| class 9 | yatshela | yangatshela, ayatshela, ayangatshela | ||||
| class 10 | zatshela | zangatshela, azatshela, azangatshela | ||||
| class 11 | lwatshela | lwangatshela, alwatshela, alwangatshela | ||||
| class 14 | batshela | bangatshela, abatshela, abangatshela | ||||
| class 15 | kwatshela | kwangatshela, akwatshela, akwangatshela | ||||
| class 17 | kwatshela | kwangatshela, akwatshela, akwangatshela | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “tshela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “tshela (3.9)”