usaltaa

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *uskaltadak. Cognates include Finnish uskaltaa and Estonian usaldada.

Pronunciation

  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈusɑltɑː/, [ˈus̠ɑɫtɑ]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈusɑltɑː/, [ˈuʒ̥ɑɫtɑː]
  • Rhymes: -usɑltɑː
  • Hyphenation: u‧sal‧taa

Verb

usaltaa

  1. (auxiliary) to dare to

Conjugation

Conjugation of usaltaa (type 3/kyntää, lt-ll gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular usallan en usalla 1st singular oon usaltant, oon usaltanut en oo usaltant, en oo usaltanut
2nd singular usallat et usalla 2nd singular oot usaltant, oot usaltanut et oo usaltant, et oo usaltanut
3rd singular usaltaa ei usalla 3rd singular ono usaltant, ono usaltanut ei oo usaltant, ei oo usaltanut
1st plural usallamma emmä usalla 1st plural oomma usaltanneet emmä oo usaltanneet
2nd plural usallatta että usalla 2nd plural ootta usaltanneet että oo usaltanneet
3rd plural usaltaat1), usaltavat2), usallettaa evät usalla, ei usalleta 3rd plural ovat usaltanneet evät oo usaltanneet, ei oo usallettu
impersonal usallettaa ei usalleta impersonal ono usallettu ei oo usallettu
Imperfekta Pluskvamperfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular usalsin en usaltant, en usaltanut 1st singular olin usaltant, olin usaltanut en olt usaltant, en olt usaltanut
2nd singular usalsit et usaltant, et usaltanut 2nd singular olit usaltant, olit usaltanut et olt usaltant, et olt usaltanut
3rd singular usalsi ei usaltant, ei usaltanut 3rd singular oli usaltant, oli usaltanut ei olt usaltant, ei olt usaltanut
1st plural usalsimma emmä usaltanneet 1st plural olimma usaltanneet emmä olleet usaltanneet
2nd plural usalsitta että usaltanneet 2nd plural olitta usaltanneet että olleet usaltanneet
3rd plural usalsiit1), usalsivat2), usallettii evät usaltanneet, ei usallettu 3rd plural olivat usaltanneet evät olleet usaltanneet, ei olt usallettu
impersonal usallettii ei usallettu impersonal oli usallettu ei olt usallettu
Konditsionala
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular usaltaisin en usaltais 1st singular olisin usaltant, olisin usaltanut en olis usaltant, en olis usaltanut
2nd singular usaltaisit, usaltaist1) et usaltais 2nd singular olisit usaltant, olisit usaltanut et olis usaltant, et olis usaltanut
3rd singular usaltais ei usaltais 3rd singular olis usaltant, olis usaltanut ei olis usaltant, ei olis usaltanut
1st plural usaltaisimma emmä usaltais 1st plural olisimma usaltanneet emmä olis usaltanneet
2nd plural usaltaisitta että usaltais 2nd plural olisitta usaltanneet että olis usaltanneet
3rd plural usaltaisiit1), usaltaisivat2), usallettais evät usaltais, ei usallettais 3rd plural olisivat usaltanneet evät olis usaltanneet, ei olis usallettu
impersonal usallettais ei usallettais impersonal olis usallettu ei olis usallettu
Imperativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular — — 1st singular — —
2nd singular usalla elä usalla 2nd singular oo usaltant, oo usaltanut elä oo usaltant, elä oo usaltanut
3rd singular usaltakkoo elköö usaltako 3rd singular olkoo usaltant, olkoo usaltanut elköö olko usaltant, elköö olko usaltanut
1st plural — — 1st plural — —
2nd plural usaltakkaa elkää usaltako 2nd plural olkaa usaltanneet elkää olko usaltanneet
3rd plural usaltakkoot elkööt usaltako, elköö usallettako 3rd plural olkoot usaltanneet elkööt olko usaltanneet, elköö olko usallettu
impersonal usallettakoo elköö usallettako impersonal olkoo usallettu elköö olko usallettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
positive negative
1st singular usaltanen en usaltane
2nd singular usaltanet et usaltane
3rd singular usaltannoo ei usaltane
1st plural usaltanemma emmä usaltane
2nd plural usaltanetta että usaltane
3rd plural usaltannoot evät usaltane, ei usallettane
impersonal usallettanoo ei usallettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat Partisipat
active passive
1st usaltaa present usaltava usallettava
2nd inessive usaltaes past usaltant, usaltanut usallettu
instructive usaltaen 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect.
2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect.
*) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (usaltakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well.
**) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative
***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential
****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd illative usaltammaa
inessive usaltamas
elative usaltamast
abessive usaltamata
4th nominative usaltamiin
partitive usaltamista, usaltamist

Synonyms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 626
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