vả

See also: Appendix:Variations of "va"

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [vaː˧˩]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [vaː˧˨]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [vaː˨˩˦] ~ [jaː˨˩˦]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Vietic *t-pah, from Proto-Austroasiatic *pɔh. Cognate with Khmer បុះ (boh, “to hit with stick”), Eastern Mnong pah (“to slap”) and Pacoh páh (“to slap”).

Alternative forms

  • (North Central Vietnam) bả (no lenition)

Verb

vả • (抯)

  1. to slap

Etymology 2

Cognate with Chut [Rục] ʔavᵊah (Shorto, 2006).

Sidwell (2024) tentatively suggests Proto-Austroasiatic *lwa(ː)ʔ (whence Khmer ល្វា (lviə) and Mon ဝိ) as the etymon. The coda correspondance between PV /**-h/ and PAA /*-ʔ/ is irregular. Compare the similar case of cổ (“neck”), and also Muong nỏ for apparent alternation of coda within Austroasiatic.

Noun

(classifier cây, trái, quả) vả • (𣛢)

  1. Ficus auriculata

Etymology 3

Pronoun

vả

  1. Third personal distal pronoun.

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adverb

vả • (𡲤)

  1. (only in compounds) besides, again
Derived terms
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