woeful

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle English woful, waful, equivalent to woe +‎ -ful. Compare Old English wālīċ (woeful), Old English tēonful (woeful).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈwəʊfəl/
    • Audio (Southern England):(file)
  • Rhymes: -əʊfəl

Adjective

woeful (comparative woefuller, superlative woefullest)

  1. Full of woe; sorrowful; distressed with grief or calamity.
    Synonyms: miserable, woe; see also Thesaurus:sad
    • 1595, Samuel Daniel, “(please specify the folio number)”, in The First Fowre Bookes of the Ciuile Wars between the Two Houses of Lancaster and Yorke, London: [] P[eter] Short for Simon Waterson, →OCLC:
      How many woeful widows left to bow / To sad disgrace!
  2. Bringing calamity, distress, or affliction.
    Synonyms: calamitous, disastrous; see also Thesaurus:disastrous
    a woeful event
    a woeful lack of restraint
  3. Lamentable, deplorable.
    Synonyms: rueful, woebegone; see also Thesaurus:lamentable
    • c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies [] (First Folio), London: [] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vii], lines 1033-36:
      Thou seest we are not all alone unhappy:
      This wide and universal theatre
      Presents more woeful pageants than the scene
      Wherein we play in.
  4. Wretched; paltry; poor.
    Synonyms: inferior, shoddy; see also Thesaurus:despicable, Thesaurus:low-quality
    • 1711, Alexander Pope, An Essay on Criticism; republished in The Complete Poetical Works of Alexander Pope, Boston, New York: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1902, page 72:
      What woful stuff this madrigal would be / In some starv'd hackney sonneteer or me!

Derived terms