wringen
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch wringen, from Old Dutch *wringan, from Proto-Germanic *wringaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈvrɪŋə(n)/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɪŋən
Verb
wringen
- to wring
- kleren wringen ― wring clothes
- to twist
- iemand's arm wringen ― twist someone's arm
- to wrest
- iemand iets uit de handen wringen ― wrest from someone's hands
- to wriggle, to squirm, to writhe
- zich in allerlei bochten wringen ― wringle
Conjugation
| Conjugation of wringen (strong class 3a) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | wringen | |||
| past singular | wrong | |||
| past participle | gewrongen | |||
| infinitive | wringen | |||
| gerund | wringen n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | wring | wrong | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | wringt, wring2 | wrong | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | wringt | wrong | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | wringt | wrongt | ||
| 3rd person singular | wringt | wrong | ||
| plural | wringen | wrongen | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | wringe | wronge | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | wringen | wrongen | ||
| imperative sing. | wring | |||
| imperative plur.1 | wringt | |||
| participles | wringend | gewrongen | ||
| 1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. | ||||
Derived terms
nouns
- wringer
- wringmachine
phrases
- waar de schoen wringt
verbs
- afwringen
- bewringen
- doodwringen
- doorwringen
- ineenwringen
- inwringen
- loswringen
- omwringen
- ontwringen
- openwringen
- opwringen
- overwringen
- platwringen
- samenwringen
- tegenwringen
- toewringen
- uitwringen
- vastwringen
- verwringen
- wegwringen
Descendants
- Negerhollands: wring, friṅ
German
Etymology
Borrowed from German Low German wringen, from Middle Low German wringen, from Old Saxon wringan, from Proto-West Germanic *wringan, from Proto-Germanic *wringaną. German cognates include ringen, renken and würgen. Compare also Low German wringen, Dutch wringen, English wring.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vʁɪŋən/, [vʁɪŋən], [vʁɪŋŋ̩]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɪŋən
Verb
wringen (class 3 strong, third-person singular present wringt, past tense wrang, past participle gewrungen, past subjunctive wränge, auxiliary haben)
- to wring (clothes)
Conjugation
Conjugation of wringen (class 3 strong, auxiliary haben)
| infinitive | wringen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | wringend | ||||
| past participle | gewrungen | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich wringe | wir wringen | i | ich wringe | wir wringen |
| du wringst | ihr wringt | du wringest | ihr wringet | ||
| er wringt | sie wringen | er wringe | sie wringen | ||
| preterite | ich wrang | wir wrangen | ii | ich wränge1 | wir wrängen1 |
| du wrangst | ihr wrangt | du wrängest1 du wrängst1 |
ihr wränget1 ihr wrängt1 | ||
| er wrang | sie wrangen | er wränge1 | sie wrängen1 | ||
| imperative | wring (du) wringe (du) |
wringt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Composed forms of wringen (class 3 strong, auxiliary haben)
Derived terms
- Wringer, Wringung
- verwringen
Related terms
Further reading
- “wringen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “wringen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “wringen” in Duden online
- “wringen” in OpenThesaurus.de
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch *wringan, from Proto-Germanic *wringaną.
Verb
wringen
- (transitive) to wring
- (transitive) to wrest
- (transitive) to twist
- (intransitive) to wrestle, to struggle
Inflection
| infinitive | base form | wringen | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| genitive | wringens | ||||||
| dative | wringene | ||||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||||
| present | past | present | past | ||||
| 1st person singular | wringe | wranc | wringe | wronge | |||
| 2nd person singular | wrincs, wringes | wroncs, wronges | wrincs, wringes | wronges | |||
| 3rd person singular | wrinct, wringet | wranc | wringe | wronge | |||
| 1st person plural | wringen | wrongen | wringen | wrongen | |||
| 2nd person plural | wrinct, wringet | wronct, wronget | wrinct, wringet | wronget | |||
| 3rd person plural | wringen | wrongen | wringen | wrongen | |||
| imperative | |||||||
| singular | wrinc, wringe | ||||||
| plural | wrinct, wringet | ||||||
| present | past | ||||||
| participle | wringende | gewrongen | |||||
Descendants
Further reading
- “wringhen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “wringen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English
Verb
wringen
- alternative form of wryngen