ypeka

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

  • ipeka
Historical spellings 
Léry (1578) upec
d'Abbeville (1614) upec
VLB (1622) ypeca

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *ɨpek, from Proto-Tupian *ɨpekʲ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɨˈpɛ.ka]
  • Rhymes: -ɛka
  • Hyphenation: y‧pe‧ka

Noun

ypeka (unpossessable)

  1. dabbling duck (any aquatic bird of the subfamily Anatinae)
    • [1587, Gabriel Soares de Sousa, chapter LXXXI, in Notícia do Brasil (in Portuguese), Salvador; republished as Francisco Adolpho de Varnhagen, editor, Tratado descriptivo do Brazil em 1587, 2nd edition, Rio de Janeiro: João Ignancio da Silva, 1879, pages 209–210:
      Criam-se mais ao longo d'estes rios e nas alagoas muitas adens, a que o gentio chama upeca, que são da feição das de Hespanha, mas muito maiores, as quaes dormem em arvores altas, e criam no chão perto da agua. Comem peixe e da mandioca que está a curtir nas ribeiras; tomam os indios estas adens, quando são novas, e criam-nas em casa onde se fazem muito domesticas.
      Live along these rivers and in the lakes many mallards, that the Natives called “ypeka”, which look like the ones from Spain, but way bigger, that sleep on tall tress and breed on the ground near water. They eat fish and the cassava curing on the riverbanks; the Indias take these mallards when they are young and rise them at home, where they became very domestic.]
    • [1614, Claude d'Abbeville, chapter XXXIX, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L'Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 242v:
      Ils ont auſſi des Oyes qu'ils appellent Vpec, beaucoup plus belles & meilleures à manger que les noſtres, eſtans aſſez ſemblables en grandeur.
      They also have geese called “Ypek[a]”, which are much more prettier and tastier than ours and about the same size.]
    • [c. 1631, Christovão de Lisboa, Historia dos animaes e arvores do Maranhão [History of Maranhão's animals and trees] (in Portuguese), Lisbon, page 186:
      Vpequa quer dizer pato he preto pelas costas e pardo pela barigua e as azas pimtadas de bramquo e algumis cam todos pretos e he hũ dos pacaros milhores de comer desta tera e fazem os filhos em buraquos de paos e fazem noue e des filhos e tamto que os tirão toman nos com os bicos leuam a borda do rio pera comerem
      “Ypeka” means “duck”. It's black on the back and greyish on the belly and the wings are white-colored and some of them are all black and it's one of the best birds to eat from this land and they breed their chicks inside holes in the wood and breed nine to ten chicks and take them with their beaks to the river for eating.
      Description of a Muscovy duck]
  • ypekakûãîa
  • ypekapara
  • ypekatĩapûá

Descendants

  • Nheengatu: ipeka

References

  • Jean de Léry (1578) chapter XI, in Histoire d'un voyage fait en la terre du Bresil, autrement dite Amerique [History of a voyage to the land of Brazil, also called America] (overall work in Middle French), La Rochelle: Antoine Chuppin, page 169: “Upec [Ypek[a]]”
  • anonymous author (1622) “Pata, ou pato, gnlr [Drake or duck, generally]”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 68: “Ypeca [Ipeka]”

Further reading

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