yra
Translingual
Symbol
yra
Lithuanian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *irā (cf. Latvian ir, dialectal, archaic Latvian forms irād, iraid, irāg, which existed alongside *esti (cf. Old Church Slavonic ѥстъ (jestŭ), Russian есть (jestʹ), Lithuanian dialectal ẽsti, Old Prussian ast), initially with basically existential (“there is”) meaning, but later on extending to all copular meanings, thus replacing *esti. In Sudovian, also the first person form irm (“I am”) is derived from this stem. The origin of Proto-Balto-Slavic *irā is, however, unclear. Various sources have been proposed: an older interjection (cf. Lithuanian aurè (“look!”)), the particle and conjunction ir (“both... and...”), a noun with the meaning “existence, reality, thing”, or even (more recently) the Proto-Indo-European secondary third-person verbal ending *-r with a later -ā-extension.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [iˈrɐ], [ɪˈrɐ]
Verb
yrà
Related terms
- nėra (negative form)
References
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “yra”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary][1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Swedish
Etymology 1
Verb
yra (present yrar, preterite yrade, supine yrat, imperative yra)
- rave (express oneself in a confused manner)
- Vad yrar han om? Är han full?
- What's with the confused nonsense he's spewing? Is he drunk?
Conjugation
| active | passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | yra | yras | ||
| supine | yrat | yrats | ||
| imperative | yra | — | ||
| imper. plural1 | yren | — | ||
| present | past | present | past | |
| indicative | yrar | yrade | yras | yrades |
| ind. plural1 | yra | yrade | yras | yrades |
| subjunctive2 | yre | yrade | yres | yrades |
| present participle | yrande | |||
| past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
Noun
yra c
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | yra | yras |
| definite | yran | yrans | |
| plural | indefinite | — | — |
| definite | — | — |
Etymology 2
From yr, variant of ur (“prominent precipitation”). Cognate of Icelandic ýra.
Verb
yra (present yr, preterite yrde, supine yrt, imperative yr)
Conjugation
| active | passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | yra | — | ||
| supine | yrt | — | ||
| imperative | yr | — | ||
| imper. plural1 | yren | — | ||
| present | past | present | past | |
| indicative | yr | yrde | — | — |
| ind. plural1 | yra | yrde | — | — |
| subjunctive2 | yre | yrde | — | — |
| present participle | yrande | |||
| past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
Noun
yra c
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | yra | yras |
| definite | yran | yrans | |
| plural | indefinite | — | — |
| definite | — | — |
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- sandyra (“sand's whirling; sand drift; sand drifting with the wind”)
Related terms
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
yra
- inflection of yr:
- definite singular
- plural
References
- yra in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)