ysgrifennu

Welsh

Alternative forms

  • sgrifennu (colloquial)
  • sgwennu (colloquial)

Etymology

From Middle Welsh ysgriuennu, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨskrivenn, from Latin scrībendum, gerund of scrībō.

Pronunciation

  • (North Wales, standard) IPA(key): /əsɡrɪˈvɛnɨ/, [əskrɪˈvɛnɨ̞]
    • (North Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /sɡrɪˈvɛnɨ/, [skrɪˈvɛnɨ̞], /ˈsɡwɛnɨ/, [ˈskwɛnɨ̞]
  • (South Wales, standard) IPA(key): /əsɡrɪˈvɛni/, [əskrɪˈvɛni]
    • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA(key): /sɡrɪˈvɛni/, [skrɪˈvɛni]
  • Rhymes: -ɛnɨ

Verb

ysgrifennu (first-person singular present ysgrifennaf)

  1. to write

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future ysgrifennaf ysgrifenni ysgrifenna ysgrifennwn ysgrifennwch ysgrifennant ysgrifennir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional
ysgrifennwn ysgrifennit ysgrifennai ysgrifennem ysgrifennech ysgrifennent ysgrifennid
preterite ysgrifennais ysgrifennaist ysgrifennodd ysgrifenasom ysgrifenasoch ysgrifenasant ysgrifennwyd
pluperfect ysgrifenaswn ysgrifenasit ysgrifenasai ysgrifenasem ysgrifenasech ysgrifenasent ysgrifenasid, ysgrifenesid
present subjunctive ysgrifennwyf ysgrifennych ysgrifenno ysgrifennom ysgrifennoch ysgrifennont ysgrifenner
imperative ysgrifenna ysgrifenned ysgrifennwn ysgrifennwch ysgrifennent ysgrifenner
verbal noun ysgrifennu
verbal adjectives ysgrifenedig
ysgrifenadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
inflected
colloquial forms
singular plural
first second third first second third
future ysgrifenna i,
ysgrifennaf i
ysgrifenni di ysgrifennith o/e/hi,
ysgrifenniff e/hi
ysgrifennwn ni ysgrifennwch chi ysgrifennan nhw
conditional ysgrifennwn i,
ysgrifenswn i
ysgrifennet ti,
ysgrifenset ti
ysgrifennai fo/fe/hi,
ysgrifensai fo/fe/hi
ysgrifennen ni,
ysgrifensen ni
ysgrifennech chi,
ysgrifensech chi
ysgrifennen nhw,
ysgrifensen nhw
preterite ysgrifennais i,
ysgrifennes i
ysgrifennaist ti,
ysgrifennest ti
ysgrifennodd o/e/hi ysgrifennon ni ysgrifennoch chi ysgrifennon nhw
imperative ysgrifenna ysgrifennwch

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of ysgrifennu
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
ysgrifennu unchanged unchanged hysgrifennu

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ysgrifennaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies