Egyptian
Etymology
From Proto-Afroasiatic *ʒin- with an uncertain suffix -f, according to Orel and Stolbova’s very tentative reconstruction.[1] If so, perhaps cognate with West Chadic *ʒin- (“blood”), whence Hausa jini.
Pronunciation
- (noun): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /zVˈnaf/ → /sVˈnaf/ → /səˈnaf/ → /səˈnaf/
Noun
m
- blood
Inflection
Declension of znf (masculine)
| singular
|
znf
|
| dual
|
znfwj
|
| plural
|
znfw
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of znf
Descendants
- Demotic: (snf)
- Akhmimic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲁϥ (snaf)
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲟϥ (snof)
- Fayyumic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲁϥ (snaf), ⲥⲛⲟϥ (snof)
- Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲥⲛⲁϥ (snaf)
- Old Coptic: ⲥⲛⲟⲃ (snob)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲛⲟϥ (snof), ⲥⲛⲟⲃ (snob)
Verb
3-lit.
- (intransitive) to bleed
Inflection
Conjugation of znf (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: znf, geminated stem: znff
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
znf
|
znfw, znf
|
znft
|
znf
|
znf
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
znf
|
ḥr znf
|
m znf
|
r znf
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
| perfect
|
znf.n
|
consecutive
|
znf.jn
|
| terminative
|
znft
|
| perfective3
|
znf
|
obligative1
|
znf.ḫr
|
| imperfective
|
znf
|
| prospective3
|
znf
|
potentialis1
|
znf.kꜣ
|
| subjunctive
|
znf
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
znf.n
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
znf
|
znf
|
znf, znfw5, znfy5
|
| imperfective
|
znf, znfy, znfw5
|
znf, znfj6, znfy6
|
znf, znfw5
|
| prospective
|
znf, znftj7
|
znftj4, znft4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of znf
References
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 459.2–459.15
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 232
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E., Stolbova, Olga V. (1995) “*ʒin-”, in Hamito-Semitic Etymological Dictionary: Materials for a Reconstruction (Handbuch der Orientalistik; I.18), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill, § 2626, page 546