Can jQuery selectors be used with DOM mutation observers?

Question

HTML5 includes a concept of "mutation observers" to monitor changes to the browser's DOM.

Your observer callback will be passed data which looks a lot like DOM tree snippets. I don't know if they are exactly this or how they work really.

But when you are writing code to interact with a 3rd party site over which you have no control, say with a Greasemonkey script or Google Chrome user script, you have to inspect the tree of elements passed in to find which information is relevant to you.

This is much simpler with selectors, just like working with any DOM, than walking the tree manually, especially for cross-browser code.

Is there a way to use jQuery selectors with the data passed to HTML5 mutation observer callbacks?

Answer 1

Yes, you can use jQuery selectors on data returned to mutation observer callbacks.

See this jsFiddle.

Suppose you had HTML like so and you set an observer, like so:

var targetNodes = $(".myclass");
var MutationObserver = window.MutationObserver || window.WebKitMutationObserver;
var myObserver = new MutationObserver(mutationHandler);
var obsConfig = {
  childList: true,
  characterData: true,
  attributes: true,
  subtree: true
};

//--- Add a target node to the observer. Can only add one node at a time.
targetNodes.each(function() {
  myObserver.observe(this, obsConfig);
});

function mutationHandler(mutationRecords) {
  console.info("mutationHandler:");

  mutationRecords.forEach(function(mutation) {
    console.log(mutation.type);

    if (typeof mutation.removedNodes == "object") {
      var jq = $(mutation.removedNodes);
      console.log(jq);
      console.log(jq.is("span.myclass2"));
      console.log(jq.find("span"));
    }
  });
}
setTimeout(function() {  
  $(".myclass").html ("[censored!]");
},1000)  

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<span class="myclass"> 
  <span class="myclass2">My 
    <span class="boldly">vastly</span> improved
  </span> 
  text.
</span>

You'll note that we can jQuery on the mutation.removedNodes.

---

If you then run $(".myclass").html ("[censored!]"); from the console you will get this from Chrome and Firefox:

mutationHandler:
childList
jQuery(<TextNode textContent="\n ">, span.myclass2, <TextNode textContent="\n text.\n ">)
true
jQuery(span.boldly)

which shows that you can use normal jQuery selection methods on the returned node sets.

Answer 2

I don't have any personal code snippets for this one, but I have three resources that may help:

• Mutabor Github Repository
• Article + JQuery Utility for Mutators
• "jquery-mutation-summary" - extension of mutation-summary ( probably the best out of these three )

Example from link #3 'jquery-mutation-summary' library:

// Use document to listen to all events on the page (you might want to be more specific)
var $observerSummaryRoot = $(document);

// Simplest callback, just logging to the console
function callback(summaries){
    console.log(summaries);
}

// Connect mutation-summary
$observerSummaryRoot.mutationSummary("connect", callback, [{ all: true }]);

// Do something to trigger mutationSummary
$("<a />", { href: "http://joelpurra.github.com/jquery-mutation-summary"}).text("Go to the jquery-mutation-summary website").appendTo("body");

// Disconnect when done listening
$observerSummaryRoot.mutationSummary("disconnect");

Answer 3

I was working on a very similar problem for a Stack Exchange script I'm working on, and I needed to be able to monitor the DOM for changes. The jQuery docs didn't have anything helpful, but I did discover that the DOMNodeInserted event works in Chrome:

document.addEventListener("DOMNodeInserted", function(event){
    var element = event.target;

    if (element.tagName == 'DIV') {
        if (element.id == 'seContainerInbox') {
            //alert($('#seContainerInbox').parent().get(0).tagName);
            trimStoredItems();
            $('#seTabInbox').click();
            //   var newCount = getNewCount();
            // if there are new inbox items, store them for later
            storeNewInboxItems();
            applyNewStyleToItems();
        }
    }
});

I'm not 100% sure if this works in Firefox as I haven't got that far yet in the development process. Hope this helps!

Answer 4

I know this is an old question but perhaps this can help others searching for alternative solutions. I recently learned about Mutation Observers and wanted to experiment with using them alongside jQuery. I came up with two possible approaches and turned them into plugins. The code is available here.

The first approach (jquery.observeWithEvents.js) uses jQuery's trigger() function to trigger either an insertNode or removeNode event which can be bound to via jQuery's on() function. The second approach (jquery.observeWithCallbacks.js) uses traditional callback parameters. Please take a look at the README for examples and usage.