While the question was originally titled about retrieving SQL Server's installation path, I felt it was more about a code translation problem (the solution already existed, just not in the right language).
But then I thought that the method in the original code was fairly blunt.
Evan provided you with what I assume is a workable translation of the existing solution. But probably a much easier way to perform this specific task - assuming you just need to find the installation path for an instance you're already connected to, and assuming that a user who can read the registry will also have VIEW SERVER STATE permissions - is to issue this simple query against the DMV sys.dm_os_loaded_modules from your program:
SELECT name
FROM sys.dm_os_loaded_modules
WHERE name LIKE '%sqlservr.exe';
This will give you something like this:
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQL2012\MSSQL\Binn\sqlservr.exe
You have some parsing to do, depending on exactly what you're after (e.g. do you want to stop at MSSQL, or Binn?), but this is much easier than reading the registry or other methods that are out there IMHO.