You should update ui on the ui thread. Use runonUithread. 
  runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
  @Override
  public void run() {
   // set image to imageview here
   // ui should be updated on the ui thread.
   // you cannot update ui from a background thread  
  }
 });
But i would suggest you to use a handler.
public class Splash extends Activity {
//stopping splash screen starting home activity.
private static final int STOPSPLASH = 0;
//time duration in millisecond for which your splash screen should visible to
  //user. here i have taken half second
private static final long SPLASHTIME = 500;
//handler for splash screen
private Handler splashHandler = new Handler() {
     @Override
     public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
          switch (msg.what) {
            case STOPSPLASH:
                //Generating and Starting new intent on splash time out 
                Intent intent = new Intent(Splash.this, 
                                         MainActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
                    Splash.this.finish(); 
                break;
          }
          super.handleMessage(msg);
     }
};
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.splash);
    //Generating message and sending it to splash handle 
    Message msg = new Message();
    msg.what = STOPSPLASH;
    splashHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg, SPLASHTIME);
}
}
splash.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" android:background="@drawable/mydrawable">
     // have a imageview and set background to imageview   
</RelativeLayout>
Using handlers and postdelayed
public class Splash extends Activity {
private static final int SPLASH_TIME = 2 * 1000;// 3 seconds
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.splash);
    ImageView iv= (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView1);
    iv.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.afor);
    try {
    new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
            Intent intent = new Intent(Splash.this,
                MainActivity.class);
            startActivity(intent);
            Splash.this.finish();
        }
    }, SPLASH_TIME);
    } catch(Exception e)
       {
        e.printStacktrace();
       }
}
@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    this.finish();
    super.onBackPressed();
}
}
splash.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" android:background="#ffffaa">
<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/imageView1"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:layout_centerInParent="true"
     />
</RelativeLayout>