I'm not certain you'd want to use DBMS_SCHEDULER for this; from what I understand from the documentation (never used this myself) the FTP site would have to be completely open to all; there is a parameter destination_permissions, but it's only "Reserved for future use", i.e. there's no way of specifying any permissions at the moment.
If I'm right with this then I agree with your manager, though not necessarily for the same reasons (it seems like you'll never get permission to use DBMS_SCHEDULER which I hope is incorrect).
There are other methods of doing this:
- UTL_TCP; this is simply a method of interacting over a TCP/IP protocol. Oracle Base has an article, which includes a FTP package based on- UTL_TCPand instructions how to use it. This also requires the use of the- UTL_FILEpackage, which can write OS files.
 
- UTL_HTTP; I'm 99% certain it's possible to connect to an FTP using this; it's certainly possible to connect to a SFTP/any server. It'll require a little more work but it would be worth it in the longer run. It would also require the use of- UTL_FILE.
 
- A Java stored procedure to FTP directly; this is probably the best approach; create one using one of the many Java FTP libraries. 
- A Java stored procedure to call call OS commands; this is easiest method but the least extensible. Oracle released a white paper on calling OS commands from within PL/SQL back in 2008 but there's plenty of other stuff out there (including Oracle Base again) 
Lastly, you could question whether this is actually what you want to do...
- What scheduler do you use? Does it have event driven scheduling? If so there's no need to FTP from within Oracle; use - UTL_FILEto write a file to the OS and then OS commands from there.
 
- Was the other file originally in a database? If that's the case you don't need to extract it. You could use - DBMS_FILE_TRANSFERto collect it straight from the database or even create a JDBC connection or (more simply) a database link to SELECT the data directly.