Take a look at the function packet_sendmsg_spkt in net/packet/af_packet.c for inspiration.  The hard part is getting a struct sock if you don't have a socket...
Edit: Added a basic code shell:
int sendpacket(struct socket *sock, struct net_device *dev, __be16 proto, void *data, size_t len)
{
    struct sock *sk = sock->sk;
    struct sk_buff *skb;
    if (!(dev->flags & IFF_UP))
        return -ENETDOWN;
    if (len > dev->mtu + dev->hard_header_len)
        return -EMSGSIZE;
    skb = sock_wmalloc(sk, len + LL_RESERVED_SPACE(dev), 0, GFP_KERNEL);
    if (skb == NULL)
        return -ENOBUFS;
    /* FIXME: Save some space for broken drivers that write a
     * hard header at transmission time by themselves. PPP is the
     * notable one here. This should really be fixed at the driver level.
     */
    skb_reserve(skb, LL_RESERVED_SPACE(dev));
    skb_reset_network_header(skb);
    /* Try to align data part correctly */
    if (dev->header_ops) {
        skb->data -= dev->hard_header_len;
        skb->tail -= dev->hard_header_len;
        if (len < dev->hard_header_len)
            skb_reset_network_header(skb);
    }
    memcpy(skb_put(skb, len), data, len);
    skb->protocol = proto;
    skb->dev = dev;
    skb->priority = sk->sk_priority;
    dev_queue_xmit(skb);
    return len;
}