I was in the process of asking nearly the identical question as you when Stack Overflow suggested I look at your question. Looks like we got our Country list from the same source. 
I didn't want to change the structure either. But after seeing the accepted answer, I didn't want to hack it that way. So instead I wrote a reusable service that will Morph any similar data structure.
The Service
/*
 * Morphs an array of a key/val pair to have the original key, be a value, and 
 * give new property names
 *
 * @method keyValMorph
 * @param {array of objects}    ex: [ {US:'United States'} ]
 * @param {string}  keyName - desired property name for the original key
 * @param {string}  valName - desired property name for the original value
 * @return {array of objects}   ex: [ {key: 'US', val: 'United States'} ]
 */
.factory('keyValMorph', function () {
    return function (data, keyName, valName) {
    var sort = [], keyName = keyName || 'key', valName = valName || 'val';
    for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
        var obj = {};
        for (var key in data[i]) {
            obj[keyName] = key;
            obj[valName] = data[i][key];
            sort.push(obj);
        }
    }
    return sort;
    };
})
The controller call:
$scope.countriesSorted = keyValMorph($scope.countries, 'code', 'name');
It'll take your original data structure and turn it into:
$scope.countriesSorted = [
    {code:"US", name:"United States"},
    {code:"CA", name:"Canada"},
    {code:"AF", name:"Afghanistan"},
    {code:"AL", name:"Albania"},
    {code:"DZ", name:"Algeria"},
    {code:"DS", name:"American Samoa"}
];
HTML
<select data-ng-model="selected" data-ng-options="country.code as country.name for country in countriesSorted ">
    <option value="">[-- select --]</option>
</select>