I tried following the recommendations here (How to refresh Android listview?) to update my ListView, but to no avail.
The relevant code is below. Please note that I call runOnUiThread in my MainActivity to refresh the ListView of this (fragment).
protected ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;
protected View view; 
protected ArrayList<String> theList; 
protected ListView listView;
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState){
    view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_1, container, false);
    listView = (ListView) view.findViewById(R.id.listview);
    theList = new ArrayList<String>();
    adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(), android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,  theList);
    listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    if(view != null) { return view;}
    ((ViewGroup) listView.getParent()).removeView(listView);
    container.addView(listView);
    return view;
}
protected void updateListViewWithPath(String resultFromServerRead) {
        //TODO: Somehow split the information..
    theList.add("yo");
    theList.add("hey");
    adapter.clear();
    adapter.addAll(theList);
    listView.invalidateViews();
    adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    listView.refreshDrawableState();
}
 
     
    