Try this code to watch for, and report, a possible net::ERR_INSECURE_RESPONSE
I was having this issue as well, using a self-signed certificate, which I have chosen not to save into the Chrome Settings. After accessing the https domain and accepting the certificate, the ajax call works fine. But once that acceptance has timed-out or before it has first been accepted, the jQuery.ajax() call fails silently: the timeout parameter does not seem help and the error() function never gets called.
As such, my code never receives a success() or error() call and therefore hangs. I believe this is a bug in jquery's handling of this error. My solution is to force the error() call after a specified timeout.
This code does assume a jquery ajax call of the form jQuery.ajax({url: required, success: optional, error: optional, others_ajax_params: optional}).  
Note: You will likely want to change the function within the setTimeout to integrate best with your UI: rather than calling alert().
const MS_FOR_HTTPS_FAILURE = 5000;
$.orig_ajax = $.ajax;
$.ajax = function(params)
{
  var complete = false;
  var success = params.success;
  var error = params.error;
  params.success = function() {
    if(!complete) {
      complete = true;
      if(success) success.apply(this,arguments);
    }
  }
  params.error = function() {
    if(!complete) {
      complete = true;
      if(error) error.apply(this,arguments);
    }
  }
  setTimeout(function() {
    if(!complete) {
      complete = true;
      alert("Please ensure your self-signed HTTPS certificate has been accepted. "
        + params.url);
      if(params.error)
        params.error( {},
          "Connection failure",
          "Timed out while waiting to connect to remote resource. " +
          "Possibly could not authenticate HTTPS certificate." );
    }
  }, MS_FOR_HTTPS_FAILURE);
  $.orig_ajax(params);
}