Sounds like you want the --parameters (alias -pa) compiler argument.
Generates metadata for reflection on method parameter names on JDK 8 and above. Defaults to false.
Usage: groovy --parameters Person.groovy
Also available for groovyc, groovyConsole, groovysh and groovy ant tasks. Check out the PR some awesome person contributed...
e.g.
class HelloWorld {
   static void speak(String firstName) {
      println "Hello $firstName"   
   } 
}
Student.methods.each { 
    if (it.name === 'speak') println it.parameters
}
// groovy HelloWorld.groovy => "[java.lang.String arg0]"
// groovy -pa HelloWorld.groovy => "[java.lang.String firstName]"