It is currently not possible to add custom options to --volumes-from.
There are two possible solutions. However, neither is perfect...
Solution 1
Personally, I do not like this as it only works in Linux. It will not work with Boot2Docker. How to map volume paths using Docker's --volumes-from?
Solution 2
The second solution is to use a sym-link. This works pretty great but there is a caveat at the end.
Run a docker container with an interactive shell and the volumes from container #1; busybox is ideal for this:
docker run --rm -it --volumes-from container-1-name busybox
where container-1-name is the name of container#1.
Within the shell that opens, you can create a symbolic link that points from /custom/data to /data. Assuming that the root to /custom already exists (use mkdir first if not), type:
ln -s /data /custom/data
Now you can check this link exists. You should see something like this:
/ # ls -l custom/
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 5 Mar 4 08:09 data -> /data
Then you are done with this container. Exit. Now, if you create a new container than uses --volumes-from container-1-name, it can access the contents of /data via /custom/data.
Caveat: You should note that containers using --volumes-from container-1-name will have both /data and /custom/data. There is no way around that using this solution. In most situations, I imagine this is fine. However, if this no good for you, you will need to find another solution.