ok, I've managed to solve all of the issues I've written about:
1.I changed the way that the third party library works (I don't remember where I got the library from, but this one is very similar) , by changing the layout of each row, so that the header would be on the left of the content itself. It's just a matter of a layout XML file and you're pretty much done. Maybe I will publish a nice library for both of those solutions.
2.This is the view I've made. It's not an official implementation (didn't find any), so I made something by myself. It can be more efficient, but at least it's quite easy to understand and also quite flexible:
public class CircularView extends ViewSwitcher {
    private ImageView mImageView;
    private TextView mTextView;
    private Bitmap mBitmap;
    private CharSequence mText;
    private int mBackgroundColor = 0;
    private int mImageResId = 0;
    public CircularView(final Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }
    public CircularView(final Context context, final AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        addView(mImageView = new ImageView(context), new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, Gravity.CENTER));
        addView(mTextView = new TextView(context), new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, Gravity.CENTER));
        mTextView.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
        if (isInEditMode())
            setTextAndBackgroundColor("", 0xFFff0000);
    }
    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(final int widthMeasureSpec, final int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        final int measuredWidth = getMeasuredWidth();
        final int measuredHeight = getMeasuredHeight();
        if (measuredWidth != 0 && measuredHeight != 0)
            drawContent(measuredWidth, measuredHeight);
    }
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    private void drawContent(final int measuredWidth, final int measuredHeight) {
        ShapeDrawable roundedBackgroundDrawable = null;
        if (mBackgroundColor != 0) {
            roundedBackgroundDrawable = new ShapeDrawable(new OvalShape());
            roundedBackgroundDrawable.getPaint().setColor(mBackgroundColor);
            roundedBackgroundDrawable.setIntrinsicHeight(measuredHeight);
            roundedBackgroundDrawable.setIntrinsicWidth(measuredWidth);
            roundedBackgroundDrawable.setBounds(new Rect(0, 0, measuredWidth, measuredHeight));
        }
        if (mImageResId != 0) {
            mImageView.setBackgroundDrawable(roundedBackgroundDrawable);
            mImageView.setImageResource(mImageResId);
            mImageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.CENTER_INSIDE);
        } else if (mText != null) {
            mTextView.setText(mText);
            mTextView.setBackgroundDrawable(roundedBackgroundDrawable);
            // mTextView.setPadding(0, measuredHeight / 4, 0, measuredHeight / 4);
            mTextView.setTextSize(measuredHeight / 5);
        } else if (mBitmap != null) {
            mImageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
            mImageView.setBackgroundDrawable(roundedBackgroundDrawable);
            mBitmap = ThumbnailUtils.extractThumbnail(mBitmap, measuredWidth, measuredHeight);
            final RoundedBitmapDrawable roundedBitmapDrawable = RoundedBitmapDrawableFactory.create(getResources(),
                    mBitmap);
            roundedBitmapDrawable.setCornerRadius((measuredHeight + measuredWidth) / 4);
            mImageView.setImageDrawable(roundedBitmapDrawable);
        }
        resetValuesState(false);
    }
    public void setTextAndBackgroundColor(final CharSequence text, final int backgroundColor) {
        resetValuesState(true);
        while (getCurrentView() != mTextView)
            showNext();
        this.mBackgroundColor = backgroundColor;
        mText = text;
        final int height = getHeight(), width = getWidth();
        if (height != 0 && width != 0)
            drawContent(width, height);
    }
    public void setImageResource(final int imageResId, final int backgroundColor) {
        resetValuesState(true);
        while (getCurrentView() != mImageView)
            showNext();
        mImageResId = imageResId;
        this.mBackgroundColor = backgroundColor;
        final int height = getHeight(), width = getWidth();
        if (height != 0 && width != 0)
            drawContent(width, height);
    }
    public void setImageBitmap(final Bitmap bitmap) {
        setImageBitmapAndBackgroundColor(bitmap, 0);
    }
    public void setImageBitmapAndBackgroundColor(final Bitmap bitmap, final int backgroundColor) {
        resetValuesState(true);
        while (getCurrentView() != mImageView)
            showNext();
        this.mBackgroundColor = backgroundColor;
        mBitmap = bitmap;
        final int height = getHeight(), width = getWidth();
        if (height != 0 && width != 0)
            drawContent(width, height);
    }
    private void resetValuesState(final boolean alsoResetViews) {
        mBackgroundColor = mImageResId = 0;
        mBitmap = null;
        mText = null;
        if (alsoResetViews) {
            mTextView.setText(null);
            mTextView.setBackgroundDrawable(null);
            mImageView.setImageBitmap(null);
            mImageView.setBackgroundDrawable(null);
        }
    }
    public ImageView getImageView() {
        return mImageView;
    }
    public TextView getTextView() {
        return mTextView;
    }
}
3.I've found a nice library that does it, called PagerSlidingTabStrip . Didn't find an official way to style the native one, though.
Another way is to look at Google's sample which is available right within Android-Studio, and is called "SlidingTabLayout". It shows how it's done. 
EDIT: a better library for #3 is here, called "PagerSlidingTabStrip" too.