how to import module in upper directory in python

Question

I have several python modules in the project and I put them in different folders, for example,

pythonProject\folderA\modulex.py
pythonProject\folderB\moduley.py
pythonProject\commonModule\module1.py

I have __init__.py in each folder. In this situation, how can I import module1 into modulex?

How? Can you give an example? Thanks – 1a1a11a Jun 22 '15 at 09:22 — 1a1a11a, Jun 22 '15 at 09:22

score 3 · Answer 1 · answered Jun 22 '15 at 09:23

3

Use relatively import

# in modulex
from ..commonModule import module1

answered Jun 22 '15 at 09:23

LittleQ

1,860
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See comments in the post above, it is still not working, can you help me? – 1a1a11a Jun 23 '15 at 13:35
You could not `run` the modulex isolate from the module. `from pythonProject.folderA import modulex` and use `modulex.xxx` to call what you want. – LittleQ Jun 23 '15 at 14:56
the problem is pythonproject cannot be found, the error is `ImportError: No module named 'pythonproject'` – 1a1a11a Jun 24 '15 at 03:16
do you have `__init__.py` in `pythonProject`? – LittleQ Jun 24 '15 at 03:30
Yes, I have it in pythonProject, is there any other files needed to make it a root folder for package? – 1a1a11a Jun 24 '15 at 04:41
import outside the `pythonproject` directory – LittleQ Jun 24 '15 at 04:48
what do you mean by outside the `pythonproject` directory? – 1a1a11a Jun 24 '15 at 05:21
`ValueError: attempted relative import beyond top-level package` – Luís de Sousa Jan 23 '20 at 14:23

score 1 · Answer 2 · answered Jun 22 '15 at 09:22

1

Whenever you have python packages (those folders that contain __init__.py files), you can import the modules like below

modulex.py
----------

from pythonproject.commonModule import module1

Try this, If the pythonproject is not defined by the tool, then you could use the relative addressing like below

from ..commonModule import module1

answered Jun 22 '15 at 09:22

Bharadwaj

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Thanks for the reply, when I use the first method, it has the following error: `from project.commonModule.Utils import Utils` `ImportError: No module named 'project'` – 1a1a11a Jun 22 '15 at 13:26
When I tried to use the second one, it has the following error: `SystemError: Parent module '' not loaded, cannot perform relative import` – 1a1a11a Jun 22 '15 at 13:27
For the first one, is there anyway to make the root folder special so that the root folder(project) can be recognized? – 1a1a11a Jun 22 '15 at 13:28
Question is how is your project structure? and What IDE do you use – Bharadwaj Jun 22 '15 at 13:32
Hey check out the 1st one you tried, you cannot use `from project.commonModule.Utils import Utils` because you are importing utils in utils, try this `from project.commonModule import Utils` – Bharadwaj Jun 22 '15 at 13:33
Oh, I have class Utils in module Utils. – 1a1a11a Jun 22 '15 at 13:42
The you have to use something like this `from project.commonModule.Utils import Utils as UClass` and then use `UClass.methods()` whenever needed – Bharadwaj Jun 22 '15 at 13:47
my project structure is `\project`, `\project\commonModule\module1.py`, `\project\otherFolder\otherModule.py`, and I want to import `module1` into `otherModule`. My IDE is pyCharm – 1a1a11a Jun 22 '15 at 16:00
Hey check [this](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4142151/python-how-to-import-the-class-within-the-same-directory-or-sub-directory) out. Its very similar to your condition – Bharadwaj Jun 22 '15 at 16:42

mmachine · Answer 3 · 2015-06-22T11:15:38.873

0

The best if all modules are in the same directory. In case any of them in different possible use of os.chdir(path). With os.chdir(path) method (https://docs.python.org/3.2/library/os.html) possible change working directory in your program.

import os
import modulex

#assume working directory is "pythonProject\folderA\"

os.chdir(r'pythonProject\commonModule\')
#now working directory is "pythonProject\commonModule\"

import module1

edited Jun 22 '15 at 11:15

answered Jun 22 '15 at 09:38

mmachine

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Although this might answer the question, it is always good to include an explanation to the code sample. – BDL Jun 22 '15 at 10:24

how to import module in upper directory in python

3 Answers3