Simply try find your view in your activity:
tvUserName = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_username);
It works for me. My header layout is:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="192dp"
    android:background="?attr/colorPrimaryDark"
    android:padding="16dp"
    android:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:gravity="bottom">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_username"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Body1"/>
</LinearLayout>
My NavigationView in Activity Layout is:
<android.support.design.widget.NavigationView
    android:id="@+id/nav_view"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="start"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    app:headerLayout="@layout/drawer_header"
    app:menu="@menu/menu_drawer"/>
And BTW, I came across problem when inflating LinearLayout, where layout params are not provided:
TextView headerView = (TextView) LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.lay_header, null);
headerView.setText("Your_thoght");
Hope it helps.