Note the transform property can have different values, which are not commutative. For example, the following values produce different results:
transform: translateX(100px) rotate(90deg); /* This is different... */
transform: rotate(90deg) translateX(100px); /* ... than this!       */
.box {
  height: 100px;
  width: 100px;
  background: red;
}
#box1 {
  transform: translateX(100px) rotate(90deg);
}
#box2 {
  transform: rotate(90deg) translateX(100px);
}
<div class="box" id="box1"></div>
<div class="box" id="box2"></div>
 
 
One may think that rotating 45deg more would be
transform: translateX(100px) rotate(135deg); /* OK    */
transform: rotate(135deg) translateX(100px); /* FAIL! */
.box {
  height: 100px;
  width: 100px;
  background: red;
}
#box1 {
  transform: translateX(100px) rotate(135deg);
}
#box2 {
  transform: rotate(135deg) translateX(100px);
}
<div class="box" id="box1"></div>
<div class="box" id="box2"></div>
 
 
However, that would only work for the first example, because rotate was the last transform function. In general, the proper way would be
transform: translateX(100px) rotate(90deg) rotate(45deg); /* OK */
transform: rotate(90deg) translateX(100px) rotate(45deg); /* OK */
.box {
  height: 100px;
  width: 100px;
  background: red;
}
#box1 {
  transform: translateX(100px) rotate(90deg) rotate(45deg);
}
#box2 {
  transform: rotate(90deg) translateX(100px) rotate(45deg);
}
<div class="box" id="box1"></div>
<div class="box" id="box2"></div>
 
 
Then, you can add this method:
$.fn.addTransform = function(val) {
  return this.each(function() {
    var tr = $(this).css('transform');
    if(tr === 'none') tr = '';
    $(this).css('transform', tr + ' ' + val);
  });
};
And use it like
$('#move').addTransform('rotate(5deg)');
$.fn.addTransform = function(val) {
  return this.each(function() {
    var tr = $(this).css('transform');
    if(tr === 'none') tr = '';
    $(this).css('transform', tr + ' ' + val);
  });
};
$('input').click(function() {
  $('#move').css({
    backgroundColor: 'aqua',
    position: 'absolute',
    transition: '500ms ease-in-out',
    right: '-=50px'
  }).addTransform('rotate(5deg)');
});
#move {
  height: 70px;
  width: 70px;
  border: 2px solid black;
  border-radius: 15px;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<input type="button" value="Move Right" />
<div id="move"></div>