I had the exact same issue.
My problem
I was using this code 
        @Override
            public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
                super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
                if(requestCode == PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST && resultCode == RESULT_OK && data != null && data.getData() != null){
                    Uri uri = data.getData();
                    try {
                        Bitmap bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(getActivity().getContentResolver(), uri);
until when I found out it could not handle a bigger image.
I had to change and use another method to get the image.
Using InputStream
            File file= new File(uri.getPath());
            FileInputStream inputStream= new FileInputStream(file);
This gives a file not found exception for the path format is the reason
As Knossos said 
"The Uri that you are attempting to open is
  content://document/image:26171. You need to access it with a
  ContentProvider
Thanks to Paul Burke with his library aFileChooser http://github.com/iPaulPro/aFileChooser
To make it simple just create a class I called it FileChooser.java
        import android.content.ContentUris;
        import android.content.Context;
        import android.database.Cursor;
        import android.net.Uri;
        import android.os.Build;
        import android.os.Environment;
        import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
        import android.provider.MediaStore;
        public class FileChooser {
            /**
             * Get a file path from a Uri. This will get the the path for Storage Access
             * Framework Documents, as well as the _data field for the MediaStore and
             * other file-based ContentProviders.
             *
             * @param context The context.
             * @param uri The Uri to query.
             * @author paulburke
             */
            public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {
                final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
                // DocumentProvider
                if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
                    // ExternalStorageProvider
                    if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
                        final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                        final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                        final String type = split[0];
                        if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
                            return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
                        }
                        // TODO handle non-primary volumes
                    }
                    // DownloadsProvider
                    else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {
                        final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                        final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(
                                Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));
                        return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
                    }
                    // MediaProvider
                    else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
                        final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
                        final String[] split = docId.split(":");
                        final String type = split[0];
                        Uri contentUri = null;
                        if ("image".equals(type)) {
                            contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                        } else if ("video".equals(type)) {
                            contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                        } else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
                            contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
                        }
                        final String selection = "_id=?";
                        final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] {
                                split[1]
                        };
                        return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
                    }
                }
                // MediaStore (and general)
                else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
                    return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
                }
                // File
                else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
                    return uri.getPath();
                }
                return null;
            }
            /**
             * Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
             * MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
             *
             * @param context The context.
             * @param uri The Uri to query.
             * @param selection (Optional) Filter used in the query.
             * @param selectionArgs (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
             * @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
             */
            public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,
                                               String[] selectionArgs) {
                Cursor cursor = null;
                final String column = "_data";
                final String[] projection = {
                        column
                };
                try {
                    cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,
                            null);
                    if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                        final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
                        return cursor.getString(column_index);
                    }
                } finally {
                    if (cursor != null)
                        cursor.close();
                }
                return null;
            }
            /**
             * @param uri The Uri to check.
             * @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
             */
            public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
                return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
            }
            /**
             * @param uri The Uri to check.
             * @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
             */
            public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
                return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
            }
            /**
             * @param uri The Uri to check.
             * @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
             */
            public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
                return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
            }
        }
Then we can simply access it in our activity result
        @Override
            public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
                super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
                if(requestCode == PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST && resultCode == RESULT_OK && data != null && data.getData() != null){
                    Uri uri = data.getData();
                    try {
                        InputStream in = new FileInputStream(FileChooser.getPath(getContext(),uri));
As I wanted to resize the image before using it there is the full code... I hope it helps someone...;) Thanks to blubl
@Override
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
    if(requestCode == PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST && resultCode == RESULT_OK && data != null && data.getData() != null){
        Uri uri = data.getData();
        try {
            /*Bitmap bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(getActivity().getContentResolver(), uri);*/
            InputStream in = new FileInputStream(FileChooser.getPath(getContext(),uri));
            int dstWidth = 1980;
            int dstHeight = 960;
            int inWidth, inHeight;
            //get image size
            BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
            BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);
            in.close();
            inWidth = options.outWidth;
            inHeight = options.outHeight;
            in = new FileInputStream(FileChooser.getPath(getContext(),uri));
            options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
            // decode full image pre resized
            options.inSampleSize = Math.max(inWidth/dstWidth, inHeight/dstHeight);
            Bitmap roughtBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in, null, options);
            Matrix m = new Matrix();
            RectF inRect = new RectF(0, 0, roughtBitmap.getWidth(), roughtBitmap.getHeight());
            RectF outRectF = new RectF(0, 0, dstWidth, dstHeight);
            m.setRectToRect(inRect, outRectF, Matrix.ScaleToFit.CENTER);
            float[] values = new float[9];
            m.getValues(values);
            Bitmap resizedBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(roughtBitmap, (int)(roughtBitmap.getWidth() * values[0]), (int)(roughtBitmap.getHeight() * values[4]), true);
            currentQrItem.setPicture(resizedBitmap);
            adapter.changeImage(currentQrItem);
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}