Try this:
 <?php
    //from: http://stackoverflow.com/a/9059073/284932
        function isStringInFile($file,$string){
        $handle = fopen($file, 'r');
        $valid = false; // init as false
        while (($buffer = fgets($handle)) !== false) {
            if (strpos($buffer, $string) !== false) {
                $valid = TRUE;
                break; // Once you find the string, you should break out the loop.
            }      
        }
        fclose($handle);
        return $valid;
    }
Search "adbe.pkcs7.detached":
//Signed?
echo isStringInFile('mypdf.pdf', 'adbe.pkcs7.detached');
To check if is the same pdf you can use the TCPDF's setKeyWords() to put some unique keys and check with the Smalot PDF Parser:
<?php
    $parser = new \Smalot\PdfParser\Parser();
    $pdf    = $parser->parseFile('signed_pdf.pdf'); //com keywords
    $details = $pdf->getDetails();