Using Glade with CUDA compiler (Nvidia Eclipse Nsight) -> which NVCC linker settings?

Question

I'm starting a new project which involves CUDA, and I would like to use Glade (v3) for the GUI.

I'm trying to implement a Glade project in a basic CUDA template project, and here is my code so far:

#include <iostream>
#include <numeric>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <gtk/gtk.h>

static void CheckCudaErrorAux (const char *, unsigned, const char *, cudaError_t);
#define CUDA_CHECK_RETURN(value) CheckCudaErrorAux(__FILE__,__LINE__, #value, value)

/**
 * CUDA kernel that computes reciprocal values for a given vector
 */
__global__ void reciprocalKernel(float *data, unsigned vectorSize) {
    unsigned idx = blockIdx.x*blockDim.x+threadIdx.x;
    if (idx < vectorSize)
        data[idx] = 1.0/data[idx];
}

/**
 * Host function that copies the data and launches the work on GPU
 */
float *gpuReciprocal(float *data, unsigned size)
{
    float *rc = new float[size];
    float *gpuData;

    CUDA_CHECK_RETURN(cudaMalloc((void **)&gpuData, sizeof(float)*size));
    CUDA_CHECK_RETURN(cudaMemcpy(gpuData, data, sizeof(float)*size, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));

    static const int BLOCK_SIZE = 256;
    const int blockCount = (size+BLOCK_SIZE-1)/BLOCK_SIZE;
    reciprocalKernel<<<blockCount, BLOCK_SIZE>>> (gpuData, size);

    CUDA_CHECK_RETURN(cudaMemcpy(rc, gpuData, sizeof(float)*size, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
    CUDA_CHECK_RETURN(cudaFree(gpuData));
    return rc;
}

float *cpuReciprocal(float *data, unsigned size)
{
    float *rc = new float[size];
    for (unsigned cnt = 0; cnt < size; ++cnt) rc[cnt] = 1.0/data[cnt];
    return rc;
}


void initialize(float *data, unsigned size)
{
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < size; ++i)
        data[i] = .5*(i+1);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    static const int WORK_SIZE = 65530;
    float *data = new float[WORK_SIZE];

    initialize (data, WORK_SIZE);

    GtkBuilder      *builder;
    GtkWidget       *window;

    gtk_init(&argc, &argv);

    builder = gtk_builder_new();
    gtk_builder_add_from_file (builder, "GladeTest01.glade", NULL);

    window = GTK_WIDGET(gtk_builder_get_object(builder, "applicationwindow1"));
    gtk_builder_connect_signals(builder, NULL);

    g_object_unref(builder);

    gtk_widget_show(window);
    gtk_main();

    /*
    float *recCpu = cpuReciprocal(data, WORK_SIZE);
    float *recGpu = gpuReciprocal(data, WORK_SIZE);
    float cpuSum = std::accumulate (recCpu, recCpu+WORK_SIZE, 0.0);
    float gpuSum = std::accumulate (recGpu, recGpu+WORK_SIZE, 0.0);

    /* Verify the results *//*
    std::cout<<"gpuSum = "<<gpuSum<< " cpuSum = " <<cpuSum<<std::endl;

    /* Free memory *//*
    delete[] data;
    delete[] recCpu;
    delete[] recGpu;
*/
    return 0;
}

// called when window is closed
void on_QuitApp()
{
    gtk_main_quit();
}

At compilation, I'm unable to understand why I got these errors :

/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:72: undefined reference to `gtk_init'
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:74: undefined reference to `gtk_builder_new'
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:75: undefined reference to `gtk_builder_add_from_file'
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:77: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_get_type'
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:77: undefined reference to `gtk_builder_get_object'
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:77: undefined reference to `g_type_check_instance_cast'
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:78: undefined reference to `gtk_builder_connect_signals'
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:80: undefined reference to `g_object_unref'
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:82: undefined reference to `gtk_widget_show'
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:83: undefined reference to `gtk_main'
./src/GladeTest.o: In function `on_QuitApp()':
/home/fabio/AppTests/GladeTest01/Debug/../src/GladeTest.cu:105: undefined reference to `gtk_main_quit'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [GladeTest] Error 1

As everything seems to be defined in gtk.h and all the other includes in it... What am I missing here ?

Is somebody able to give me some directions or to tell me what I am doing wrong?

Edit : Here is the compilation commands used :

Invoking: NVCC Compiler
/usr/local/cuda-7.5/bin/nvcc -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -G -g -O3 -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -m64 -odir "src" -M -o "src/GladeTest.d" "../src/GladeTest.cu"
/usr/local/cuda-7.5/bin/nvcc -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -G -g -O3 --compile --relocatable-device-code=false -gencode arch=compute_52,code=compute_52 -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -m64  -x cu -o  "src/GladeTest.o" "../src/GladeTest.cu"
Finished building: ../src/GladeTest.cu

Building target: GladeTest
Invoking: NVCC Linker
/usr/local/cuda-7.5/bin/nvcc --cudart static --relocatable-device-code=false -gencode arch=compute_52,code=compute_52 -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -m64 -link -o  "GladeTest"  ./src/GladeTest.o

If I understood correctly the answers, all the -I options should be in the nvcc linker call and not in the nvcc compiler command ?

Edit 2 : Here is one of the many variants I tried. With the same results everytime :

Invoking: NVCC Compiler
/usr/local/cuda-7.5/bin/nvcc -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -G -g -O3 -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -m64 -odir "src" -M -o "src/GladeTest.d" "../src/GladeTest.cu"
/usr/local/cuda-7.5/bin/nvcc -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -G -g -O3 --compile --relocatable-device-code=false -gencode arch=compute_52,code=compute_52 -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -m64  -x cu -o  "src/GladeTest.o" "../src/GladeTest.cu"
Finished building: ../src/GladeTest.cu

Building target: GladeTest
Invoking: NVCC Linker
/usr/local/cuda-7.5/bin/nvcc --cudart static -L/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -L/usr/include/glib-2.0 -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -L/usr/include/pango-1.0 -L/usr/include/cairo -L/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -L/usr/include/atk-1.0 -lGL -lGLU -lglut  --relocatable-device-code=false -gencode arch=compute_52,code=compute_52 -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -m64 -link -o  "GladeTest"  ./src/GladeTest.o

That is a linking error, not a compilation error. You have to *link* the relevant GTK libraries — talonmies, Aug 11 '16 at 05:56
Possible duplicate of [What is an undefined reference/unresolved external symbol error and how do I fix it?](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12573816/what-is-an-undefined-reference-unresolved-external-symbol-error-and-how-do-i-fix) — Ivan Aksamentov - Drop, Aug 11 '16 at 12:58

talonmies · Accepted Answer · 2016-08-12T11:06:59.313

It is important to realize that the source of the errors you are seeing is linking, not compilation, and the reason will be that you are not linking the required GTK libraries.

I was able to produce an executable from the code you posted (with a tiny modification) against GTK2 on a Ubuntu system like this:

$ nvcc -arch=sm_52 -Xcompiler="`pkg-config --cflags gtk+-2.0`" cuda_glade.cu `pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0`

$ ldd a.out
    linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffdf351c000)
    libgtk-x11-2.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgtk-x11-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f85eece0000)
    libgobject-2.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgobject-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f85eea8e000)
    librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007f85ee886000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f85ee668000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f85ee464000)
    libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f85ee15f000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f85edd9a000)
    libgdk-x11-2.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgdk-x11-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f85edae7000)
    libgmodule-2.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgmodule-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f85ed8e2000)
    libpangocairo-1.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpangocairo-1.0.so.0 (0x00007f85ed6d5000)
    libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6 (0x00007f85ed3a0000)
    libXfixes.so.3 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXfixes.so.3 (0x00007f85ed199000)
    libatk-1.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libatk-1.0.so.0 (0x00007f85ecf77000)
    libcairo.so.2 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcairo.so.2 (0x00007f85ecc6c000)
    libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f85eca4a000)
    libgio-2.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgio-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f85ec6d7000)
    libpangoft2-1.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpangoft2-1.0.so.0 (0x00007f85ec4c2000)
    libpango-1.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpango-1.0.so.0 (0x00007f85ec274000)
    libfontconfig.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1 (0x00007f85ec038000)
    libglib-2.0.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f85ebd30000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f85eba29000)
    libffi.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libffi.so.6 (0x00007f85eb821000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x000055d54fa62000)
    libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f85eb60a000)
    libXrender.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrender.so.1 (0x00007f85eb400000)
    libXinerama.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXinerama.so.1 (0x00007f85eb1fd000)
    libXi.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXi.so.6 (0x00007f85eafec000)
    libXrandr.so.2 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXrandr.so.2 (0x00007f85eade2000)
    libXcursor.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXcursor.so.1 (0x00007f85eabd8000)
    libXcomposite.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXcomposite.so.1 (0x00007f85ea9d4000)
    libXdamage.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXdamage.so.1 (0x00007f85ea7d1000)
    libXext.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXext.so.6 (0x00007f85ea5bf000)
    libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so.6 (0x00007f85ea31b000)
    libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007f85ea0fc000)
    libpixman-1.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpixman-1.so.0 (0x00007f85e9e53000)
    libpng12.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng12.so.0 (0x00007f85e9c2d000)
    libxcb-shm.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-shm.so.0 (0x00007f85e9a2a000)
    libxcb-render.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb-render.so.0 (0x00007f85e9820000)
    libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007f85e9607000)
    libselinux.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f85e93e3000)
    libresolv.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libresolv.so.2 (0x00007f85e91c8000)
    libharfbuzz.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libharfbuzz.so.0 (0x00007f85e8f73000)
    libthai.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthai.so.0 (0x00007f85e8d69000)
    libexpat.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libexpat.so.1 (0x00007f85e8b3f000)
    libpcre.so.3 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpcre.so.3 (0x00007f85e8901000)
    libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXau.so.6 (0x00007f85e86fc000)
    libXdmcp.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXdmcp.so.6 (0x00007f85e84f6000)
    libgraphite2.so.3 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgraphite2.so.3 (0x00007f85e82cf000)
    libdatrie.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdatrie.so.1 (0x00007f85e80c8000)

Here I am using pkg-config to get the necessary compiler flags and linker dependencies and just passing them directly to nvcc. You could construct them by hand if you don't have access to pkg-config. The important point is putting library dependencies after your own code. The GNU linker reads dependencies left-to-right, and if you specify a library before code that depends on it, the linker will just discard the library and cause a linking error.

EDIT: To do this in Nsight Eclipse edition

Add the pkg-config commands in the Project properties for both the compiler and linker phases using $(shell pkg-config ...):

Building the project with your code gives this build log:

make all 
Building file: ../src/glade_cuda.cu
Invoking: NVCC Compiler
/opt/cuda-7.5/bin/nvcc -O3 -Xcompiler -fPIC -Xcompiler -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -I/usr/include/harfbuzz   -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52  -odir "src" -M -o "src/glade_cuda.d" "../src/glade_cuda.cu"
/opt/cuda-7.5/bin/nvcc -O3 -Xcompiler -fPIC -Xcompiler -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gtk-2.0/include -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/gdk-pixbuf-2.0 -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/gio-unix-2.0/ -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/libpng12 -I/usr/include/harfbuzz   --compile --relocatable-device-code=false -gencode arch=compute_52,code=compute_52 -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52  -x cu -o  "src/glade_cuda.o" "../src/glade_cuda.cu"
Finished building: ../src/glade_cuda.cu

Building target: libGTK test
Invoking: NVCC Linker
/opt/cuda-7.5/bin/nvcc --cudart static -shared -Xlinker -lgtk-x11-2.0 -lgdk-x11-2.0 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangoft2-1.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo -lpango-1.0 -lfontconfig -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lfreetype   --relocatable-device-code=false -gencode arch=compute_52,code=compute_52 -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 -link -o  "libGTK test"  ./src/glade_cuda.o   
Finished building target: libGTK test


12:57:43 Build Finished (took 3s.963ms)

I just edited my question and added the nvcc commands used at build. I'll try to figure out the correct options.. — FabioB, Aug 11 '16 at 19:50
Well, I spent 2 hours trying everything I could imagine in the settings both NVCC compiler and NVCC linker, changing options order, relative and absolute paths to libraries.... I'll try to ask in the Nvidia dev forums. — FabioB, Aug 11 '16 at 21:17
Any idea if it would be possible to use pkg-config trough the nvcc linker settings in Nsight? — FabioB, Aug 11 '16 at 23:04
Thanks, it worked! I now have another error tough: `/usr/bin/ld: ./src/GladeTest.o: relocation R_X86_64_32S against '.bss' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC` — FabioB, Aug 13 '16 at 10:15
nevermind, I simply recompiled with -fPIC as mentionned in the error message(...) and it work now.... Thanks again ! — FabioB, Aug 13 '16 at 10:26

Using Glade with CUDA compiler (Nvidia Eclipse Nsight) -> which NVCC linker settings?

1 Answers1