Consider using VBA Shell's StdOut to capture a stream of the output lines. Be sure to have the Python script print to screen the value:
Python
...
print(outputval)
VBA (s below would be string output)
Public Sub PythonOutput()
    Dim oShell As Object, oCmd As String
    Dim oExec As Object, oOutput As Object
    Dim arg As Variant
    Dim s As String, sLine As String
    Set oShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
    arg = "somevalue"
    oCmd = "python ""C:\Path\To\Python\Script.py""" & " " & arg
    Set oExec = oShell.Exec(oCmd)
    Set oOutput = oExec.StdOut
    While Not oOutput.AtEndOfStream
        sLine = oOutput.ReadLine
        If sLine <> "" Then s = s & sLine & vbNewLine
    Wend
    Debug.Print s
    Set oOutput = Nothing: Set oExec = Nothing
    Set oShell = Nothing
End Sub
Credit
Script borrowed from @bburns.km, non-accepted answer, from this SO post