Well, it's a bit complicated since you have an array of objects
You could parse the whole array, and for each object in it, check if it has the wanted key:
var tablica = [{"3":"asdasd asd"},{"19":"asddas fff"},{"3":"adas asf asdff ff"},{"4":"re"},{"5":"asdasd"},{"6":"we"},{"7":"asdasdgg"},{"9":"asdasdasd"},{"16":"sdads"},{"10":"asdgg"},{"11":"ggg"}];
var wantedId = "3"; // the ID you actually search
var wantedObj;
tablica.map(function(obj) {
    if (wantedId in obj) {
        wantedObj = obj;
    }
});
console.log(wantedObj);
 
 
Anyway, you should fix your data structure: each object of your array should have a property id and a property value (or something similar)
var tablica = [
    {
        id: "3",
        value: "asdasd asd"
    },
    {
        id: "19",
        value: "asddas fff"
    }
];