Assuming by "group", you meant the binary variable Type, I have the following two solutions for you, using lattice and ggplot2 packages, respectively:
Before plotting, I reconstituted a (limited version of?) your data:
df <- data.frame(
  Type = rep(c("Treatment", "Control"), 2),
  Species = c(rep("Species A", 2), rep("Species B", 2)),
  Number_of_Occurrences = c(10, 15, 55, 5)
)
df
# Type   Species Number_of_Occurrences
# 1 Treatment Species A                    10
# 2   Control Species A                    15
# 3 Treatment Species B                    55
# 4   Control Species B                     5
First method: lattice package:
library(lattice)
barchart(
  Number_of_Occurrences~Species,
  data=df, groups=Type, 
  scales=list(x=list(rot=90,cex=0.8))
)

Second method, ggplot2 package; you will need to reformat the data.frame using reshape::melt function to meet the requirement of ggplot2
library(reshape)
library(ggplot2)
df.m <- melt(df)
df.m
# Type   Species              variable value
# 1 Treatment Species A Number_of_Occurrences    10
# 2   Control Species A Number_of_Occurrences    15
# 3 Treatment Species B Number_of_Occurrences    55
# 4   Control Species B Number_of_Occurrences     5
ggplot(df.m, aes(Species, value, fill = Type)) + 
  geom_bar(stat="identity", position = "dodge")

Reference: this Stack Overflow post.