Windows does not support the shebang syntax like Linux does. 
To configure the .php file extension association to open with the PHP executable.
- right click a .phpfile (or any file extension you want to associate with php.exe)
- click Open With
- Select More Apps
- scroll to the bottom Choose another app
- Select Look for another app on this PC
- Navigate to the php.exeexecutable and select it
- Check the Always use this app to open .php files
- click Ok
Afterward you can open up a command prompt (cmd) and have php execute .php files by path without needing to prefix php.
You can also execute a .php file by double clicking them (though the PHP terminal will not stay opened after executing unless you add sleep just like a .bat file functions).
I used .php3 as an example since I have .php configured to open
  with my IDE.
d:\test.php3
<?php
echo 'Hello World';
To make the .php file extension an executable like in linux with chmod 0111. You would have to append ;.PHP to the PATHEXT Windows Environment Variable.

To make it the file globally accessible, append the directory the .php file is located in to your PATH Windows Environment Variable. Otherwise move the .php file to a directory already listed in your PATH Windows Environment Variable, such as C:\Windows or C:\Windows\System32
To initialize the new environment variable, either launch a new command prompt (cmd) as Administrator and close it or reboot.

Alternatively create a C:\Windows\Jimboo.bat file that contains.
@echo off
"X:\path\to\php.exe" "X:\path\to\index.php"
This will then execute the desired file in a command prompt by typing Jimboo.
