I have get the solution ; the problem was in the Scope the right one is @ViewScoped.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
    xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html"
    xmlns:ui="http://java.sun.com/jsf/facelets"
    xmlns:p="http://primefaces.org/ui"
    xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core">
<h:head>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</h:head>
<h:body>
     <h:form id="create_intervention_form">
        <h:messages id="errorMessages" style="color:red;margin:8px;" />
        <table>
        <tr>
            <td><p:outputLabel value="Matricule:" for="Matricule" /></td>
            <td><p:inputText id="Matricule"
                value="#{teststation.matricule}" size="5" /></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><h:outputLabel value="Structure à visiter:" for="Client2"></h:outputLabel> </td>
             <td>  
                <p:panel id="st">
                <p:selectOneMenu  id="Client2"  value="#{teststation.selected_client}">
                <f:selectItems value="#{teststation.list_client}" var="cl" itemValue="#{cl}" itemLabel="#{cl.nom_client}" />
                <f:converter converterId="ClientConverter" />
                <p:ajax  update="station1_client" listener ="#{teststation.getStructureByClient}" />
                </p:selectOneMenu> 
                <p:selectOneMenu id="station1_client"  value="#{teststation.selectedStation}" >
                <f:attribute name="selected_station" value="#{teststation.selectedStation}" />
                <f:selectItems value="#{teststation.list_Station}" var="entry1" itemValue="#{entry1}" itemLabel="#{entry1.nom_stat}" />
                 <f:converter converterId="StationConverter" />
                </p:selectOneMenu>
                </p:panel>
            </td>
        </tr>
                <tr>
                <td><h:outputLabel value="Immatriculation:" for="imma"></h:outputLabel> </td>
                <td><p:inputText size="20"  value="#{teststation.immatriculation}" id="imma"></p:inputText></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                <p:growl id="growl" life="2000" />
                <td></td>
                <td><p:commandButton value="Valider"  id="valide"  update="errorMessages"   actionListener="#{teststation.addOdm}" styleClass="ui-priority-primary" /> 
                </td>
                </tr>
                    </table>
            </h:form>
</h:body>
</html>
the ManagedBean 
@ViewScoped
@ManagedBean(name = "teststation")
public class TestStation {
    private String matricule;
    private stationService stationService = new stationServiceImpl();
    private clientService clientService = new clientServiceImpl();
    public static Logger log = LogManager.getLogger(CreerIntervention.class.getName());
    private String nom;
    private String client_name;
    private List<client> list_client;
    private List<station> list_Station;
    private List<SelectItem> clientList;
    //private Map<String, String> clientList;
    //private Map<String, String> stationList;
    private List<SelectItem> stationList;
    private String immatriculation;
    private String ref_Selected_client;
    private String Nom_Selected_client;
    private String ref_Selected_station;
    private String Nom_Selected_station;
    private List<station> station;
    private station selectedStation;
    private client  Selected_client;
    FacesContext fc = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();
    HttpSession session = (HttpSession) fc.getExternalContext().getSession(false);
    Map<String, String> selectedStationParam= fc.getExternalContext().getRequestParameterMap();
    @PostConstruct
    public void initMyBean() 
        {
        log.info("ici PosteConstract"+this.getClass().hashCode());
         }
    public TestStation() 
    {
        super();
        log.info("ici Constract  "+this.getClass().hashCode());
    }
    {
          list_client = clientService.findAll();
    }
    public void updateSelectedStation()  
    {    
        log.info("LES updateSelectedStatio  ---"+ list_Station.get(0).getNom_stat());
    }
    public void getStructureByClient()  
    {       
            log.info("La refernce du client selectioné est ---   "+ Selected_client.getRef());
            list_Station=stationService.findByRefClient(getSelected_client().getRef());
            stationList= new ArrayList<>();
            for (station o : list_Station) 
            {
                stationList.add(new SelectItem(o.getNom_stat(),o.getRef_stat()));
            } 
            log.info("LES STIONS SONT D UN NBR DE  ---"+ list_Station.get(0).getNom_stat());
    }
    public void addOdm()
    {    Nom_Selected_station=selectedStation.getNom_stat();
            //log.info("num_odm :" + num_odm) ;
    log.info("Matricule:" + matricule) ;
    log.info("client:"+Selected_client.getNom_client()) ;
    log.info("station:"+ Nom_Selected_station);
    log.info("imma:"+  immatriculation) ;
    }
    public void addMessage(String summary) {
        FacesMessage message = new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_INFO, summary,  null);
        FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().addMessage(null, message);
    }
    public void cancelAction(ActionEvent e)
    {  
        log.info("etat valeur ShowForm555 = ");
    }
    public String getMatricule() {
        return matricule;
    }
    public void setMatricule(String matricule) {
        this.matricule = matricule;
    }
    public String getNom() {
        return nom;
    }
    public void setNom(String nom) {
        this.nom = nom;
    }
    public String getNom_Selected_client() {
        return Nom_Selected_client;
    }
    public void setNom_Selected_client(String nom_Selected_client) {
        Nom_Selected_client = nom_Selected_client;
    }
    public String getRef_Selected_client() {
        return ref_Selected_client;
    }
    public void setRef_Selected_client(String Ref_Selected_client) {
        this.ref_Selected_client = Ref_Selected_client;
    }
    public String getClient_name() {
        return client_name;
    }
    public void setClient_name(String client_name) {
        this.client_name = client_name;
    }
    /*public Map<String, String> getClientList() {
        return clientList;
    }
    public void setClientList(Map<String, String> clientList) {
        this.clientList = clientList;
    }
    public List<client> getList_client() {
        return list_client;
    }
    public void setList_client(List<client> list_client) {
        this.list_client = list_client;
    }*/
    public String getImmatriculation() {
        return immatriculation;
    }
    public void setImmatriculation(String immatriculation) {
        this.immatriculation = immatriculation;
    }
    public List<station> getStation() {
        return station;
    }
    public void setStation(List<station> station) {
        this.station = station;
    }
    /*public List<station> getList_Station() {
        return list_Station;
    }
    public void setList_Station(List<station> list_Station) {
        this.list_Station = list_Station;
    }*/
    /*public Map<String, String> getStationList() {
        return stationList;
    }
    public void setStationList(Map<String, String> stationList) {
        stationList = stationList;
    }*/
    public void setClientList(List<SelectItem> clientList) {
        this.clientList = clientList;
    }
    public List<SelectItem> getStationList() {
        return stationList;
    }
    public void setStationList(List<SelectItem> stationList) {
        this.stationList = stationList;
    }
    public List<SelectItem> getClientList() {
        return clientList;
    }
    public station getSelectedStation() {
        return selectedStation;
    }
    public void setSelectedStation(station selectedStation) {
        this.selectedStation = selectedStation;
    }
    public client getSelected_client() {
        return Selected_client;
    }
    public void setSelected_client(client selected_client) {
        Selected_client = selected_client;
    }
    public List<client> getList_client() {
        return list_client;
    }
    public void setList_client(List<client> list_client) {
        this.list_client = list_client;
    }
    public List<station> getList_Station() {
        return list_Station;
    }
    public void setList_Station(List<station> list_Station) {
        this.list_Station = list_Station;
    }
    public String getRef_Selected_station() {
        return ref_Selected_station;
    }
    public void setRef_Selected_station(String ref_Selected_station) {
        this.ref_Selected_station = ref_Selected_station;
    }
    public String getNom_Selected_station() {
        return Nom_Selected_station;
    }
    public void setNom_Selected_station(String nom_Selected_station) {
        Nom_Selected_station = nom_Selected_station;
    }
}
the StationConverter
@FacesConverter("StationConverter")
public class StationConverter implements Converter {
    public static Logger log = LogManager.getLogger(StationConverter.class.getName());
    stationService    statServ = new stationServiceImpl();
    public Object getAsObject(FacesContext context, UIComponent component, String submittedValue) {
        if (submittedValue == null || submittedValue.isEmpty()) {
            return null;
        }
        try {
            log.info("4- submitted value for Station Converter  **********   "+submittedValue);
            log.info("5- returned Object for Station Converter  **********   "+statServ.findByRef(submittedValue).getNom_stat());
            return statServ.findByRef(submittedValue);
        } catch (NumberFormatException exception) {
            throw new ConverterException(new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_ERROR, "Conversion Error", "Not a valid Client ID"));
        }}
    public String getAsString(FacesContext context, UIComponent component, Object modelValue) {
        if (modelValue == null) {
            return "";
        }
        log.info(modelValue.getClass());
       if (modelValue instanceof station ) {
           log.info( "6- la valeur en String Converter Station  est ****** "+String.valueOf(((station) modelValue).getNom_stat()));
            return String.valueOf(((station) modelValue).getRef_stat());
        } else {
             throw new ConverterException(new FacesMessage(FacesMessage.SEVERITY_ERROR, "Conversion Error", "Not a valid Station instance"));
         } 
    }    
}