It might be notable that a module for importing packages/modules available through HTTP/S exists and it is httpimport. This is for both Python2 and Python3.
So, as of the accepted answer, it turns out that there are ways to programmatically import remote modules "like javascript" as follows:
>>> with httpimport.remote_repo(['package1'], 'http://my-codes.example.com/python_packages'):
... import package1
...
>>> # -- 'package1' code is available here --
Edit (31/01/2023):
The syntax of most httpimport commands has changed after the 1.0.0 re-write. The new parameters for remote_repo omits the first argument, as below:
>>> with httpimport.remote_repo('http://my-codes.example.com/python_packages'):
... import package1
...
You might want to look at all usage examples provided in the repository README:
https://github.com/operatorequals/httpimport#basic-usage