After studying this page:
http://docs.python.org/distutils/builtdist.html
I am hoping to find some setup.py files to study so as to make my own (with the goal of making a fedora rpm file).
Could the s.o. community point me towards some good examples?
Complete walkthrough of writing setup.py scripts here. (with some examples)
If you'd like a real-world example, I could point you towards the setup.py scripts of a couple major projects. Django's is here, pyglet's is here. You can just browse the source of other projects for a file named setup.py for more examples.
These aren't simple examples; the tutorial link I gave has those. These are more complex, but also more practical.
You may find the HitchHiker's Guide to Packaging helpful, even though it is incomplete. I'd start with the Quick Start tutorial. Try also just browsing through Python packages on the Python Package Index. Just download the tarball, unpack it, and have a look at the setup.py file. Or even better, only bother looking through packages that list a public source code repository such as one hosted on GitHub or BitBucket. You're bound to run into one on the front page.
My final suggestion is to just go for it and try making one; don't be afraid to fail. I really didn't understand it until I started making them myself. It's trivial to create a new package on PyPI and just as easy to remove it. So, create a dummy package and play around.
READ THIS FIRST https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/current.html
Installation Tool Recommendations
- Use pip to install Python packages from PyPI.
- Use virtualenv, or pyvenv to isolate application specific dependencies from a shared Python installation.
- Use pip wheel to create a cache of wheel distributions, for the purpose of > speeding up subsequent installations.
- If you’re looking for management of fully integrated cross-platform software stacks, consider buildout (primarily focused on the web development community) or Hashdist, or conda (both primarily focused on the scientific community).
Packaging Tool Recommendations
- Use setuptools to define projects and create Source Distributions.
- Use the bdist_wheel setuptools extension available from the wheel project to create wheels. This is especially beneficial, if your project contains binary extensions.
- Use twine for uploading distributions to PyPI.
This anwser has aged, and indeed there is a rescue plan for python packaging world called
I qoute pythonwheels.com here:
What are wheels?
Wheels are the new standard of python distribution and are intended to replace eggs. Support is offered in pip >= 1.4 and setuptools >= 0.8.
Advantages of wheels
The full story of correct python packaging (and about wheels) is covered at packaging.python.org
For scientific computing (this is also recommended on packaging.python.org, see above) I would consider using CONDA packaging which can be seen as a 3rd party service build on top of PyPI and pip tools. It also works great on setting up your own version of binstar so I would imagine it can do the trick for sophisticated custom enterprise package management.
Conda can be installed into a user folder (no super user permisssions) and works like magic with
conda install
and powerful virtual env expansion.
This option was related to python-distribute.org and is largerly outdated (as well as the site) so let me point you to one of the ready to use yet compact setup.py examples I like:
This quote was taken from the guide on the state of setup.py and still applies:
I add one more point (from me)
I would recommend to get some understanding of packaging-ecosystem (from the guide pointed by gotgenes) before attempting mindless copy-pasting.
Most of examples out there in the Internet start with
from distutils.core import setup
but this for example does not support building an egg python setup.py bdist_egg (as well as some other old features), which were available in
from setuptools import setup
And the reason is that they are deprecated.
Now according to the guide
Warning
Please use the Distribute package rather than the Setuptools package because there are problems in this package that can and will not be fixed.
deprecated setuptools are to be replaced by distutils2, which "will be part of the standard library in Python 3.3". I must say I liked setuptools and eggs and have not yet been completely convinced by convenience of distutils2. It requires
pip install Distutils2
and to install
python -m distutils2.run install
Packaging never was trivial (one learns this by trying to develop a new one), so I assume a lot of things have gone for reason. I just hope this time it will be is done correctly.
I recommend the setup.py of the Python Packaging User Guide's example project.
The Python Packaging User Guide "aims to be the authoritative resource on how to package, publish and install Python distributions using current tools".
As of December 2022 however, the sample project has switched from setup.py to pyproject.toml. For a new project you may want to consider doing the same.
Here is the utility I wrote to generate a simple setup.py file (template) with useful comments and links. I hope, it will be useful.
sudo pip install setup-py-cli
To generate setup.py file just type in the terminal.
setup-py
Now setup.py file should occur in the current directory.
from distutils.core import setup
from setuptools import find_packages
import os
# User-friendly description from README.md
current_directory = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
try:
with open(os.path.join(current_directory, 'README.md'), encoding='utf-8') as f:
long_description = f.read()
except Exception:
long_description = ''
setup(
# Name of the package
name=<name of current directory>,
# Packages to include into the distribution
packages=find_packages('.'),
# Start with a small number and increase it with every change you make
# https://semver.org
version='1.0.0',
# Chose a license from here: https://help.github.com/articles/licensing-a-repository
# For example: MIT
license='',
# Short description of your library
description='',
# Long description of your library
long_description = long_description,
long_description_context_type = 'text/markdown',
# Your name
author='',
# Your email
author_email='',
# Either the link to your github or to your website
url='',
# Link from which the project can be downloaded
download_url='',
# List of keyword arguments
keywords=[],
# List of packages to install with this one
install_requires=[],
# https://pypi.org/classifiers/
classifiers=[]
)
Content of the generated setup.py:
Here is the link to the repository. Fill free to enhance the solution.
Look at this complete example https://github.com/marcindulak/python-mycli of a small python package. It is based on packaging recommendations from https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/distributing.html, uses setup.py with distutils and in addition shows how to create RPM and deb packages.
The project's setup.py is included below (see the repo for the full source):
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
from distutils.core import setup
name = "mycli"
rootdir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
# Restructured text project description read from file
long_description = open(os.path.join(rootdir, 'README.md')).read()
# Python 2.4 or later needed
if sys.version_info < (2, 4, 0, 'final', 0):
raise SystemExit, 'Python 2.4 or later is required!'
# Build a list of all project modules
packages = []
for dirname, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(name):
if '__init__.py' in filenames:
packages.append(dirname.replace('/', '.'))
package_dir = {name: name}
# Data files used e.g. in tests
package_data = {name: [os.path.join(name, 'tests', 'prt.txt')]}
# The current version number - MSI accepts only version X.X.X
exec(open(os.path.join(name, 'version.py')).read())
# Scripts
scripts = []
for dirname, dirnames, filenames in os.walk('scripts'):
for filename in filenames:
if not filename.endswith('.bat'):
scripts.append(os.path.join(dirname, filename))
# Provide bat executables in the tarball (always for Win)
if 'sdist' in sys.argv or os.name in ['ce', 'nt']:
for s in scripts[:]:
scripts.append(s + '.bat')
# Data_files (e.g. doc) needs (directory, files-in-this-directory) tuples
data_files = []
for dirname, dirnames, filenames in os.walk('doc'):
fileslist = []
for filename in filenames:
fullname = os.path.join(dirname, filename)
fileslist.append(fullname)
data_files.append(('share/' + name + '/' + dirname, fileslist))
setup(name='python-' + name,
version=version, # PEP440
description='mycli - shows some argparse features',
long_description=long_description,
url='https://github.com/marcindulak/python-mycli',
author='Marcin Dulak',
author_email='X.Y@Z.com',
license='ASL',
# https://pypi.python.org/pypi?%3Aaction=list_classifiers
classifiers=[
'Development Status :: 1 - Planning',
'Environment :: Console',
'License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License',
'Natural Language :: English',
'Operating System :: OS Independent',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.4',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.5',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.2',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4',
],
keywords='argparse distutils cli unittest RPM spec deb',
packages=packages,
package_dir=package_dir,
package_data=package_data,
scripts=scripts,
data_files=data_files,
)
and and RPM spec file which more or less follows Fedora/EPEL packaging guidelines may look like:
# Failsafe backport of Python2-macros for RHEL <= 6
%{!?python_sitelib: %global python_sitelib %(%{__python} -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib; print(get_python_lib())")}
%{!?python_sitearch: %global python_sitearch %(%{__python} -c "from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib; print(get_python_lib(1))")}
%{!?python_version: %global python_version %(%{__python} -c "import sys; sys.stdout.write(sys.version[:3])")}
%{!?__python2: %global __python2 %{__python}}
%{!?python2_sitelib: %global python2_sitelib %{python_sitelib}}
%{!?python2_sitearch: %global python2_sitearch %{python_sitearch}}
%{!?python2_version: %global python2_version %{python_version}}
%{!?python2_minor_version: %define python2_minor_version %(%{__python} -c "import sys ; print sys.version[2:3]")}
%global upstream_name mycli
Name: python-%{upstream_name}
Version: 0.0.1
Release: 1%{?dist}
Summary: A Python program that demonstrates usage of argparse
%{?el5:Group: Applications/Scientific}
License: ASL 2.0
URL: https://github.com/marcindulak/%{name}
Source0: https://github.com/marcindulak/%{name}/%{name}-%{version}.tar.gz
%{?el5:BuildRoot: %(mktemp -ud %{_tmppath}/%{name}-%{version}-%{release}-XXXXXX)}
BuildArch: noarch
%if 0%{?suse_version}
BuildRequires: python-devel
%else
BuildRequires: python2-devel
%endif
%description
A Python program that demonstrates usage of argparse.
%prep
%setup -qn %{name}-%{version}
%build
%{__python2} setup.py build
%install
%{?el5:rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT}
%{__python2} setup.py install --skip-build --prefix=%{_prefix} \
--optimize=1 --root $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
%check
export PYTHONPATH=`pwd`/build/lib
export PATH=`pwd`/build/scripts-%{python2_version}:${PATH}
%if 0%{python2_minor_version} >= 7
%{__python2} -m unittest discover -s %{upstream_name}/tests -p '*.py'
%endif
%clean
%{?el5:rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT}
%files
%doc LICENSE README.md
%{_bindir}/*
%{python2_sitelib}/%{upstream_name}
%{?!el5:%{python2_sitelib}/*.egg-info}
%changelog
* Wed Jan 14 2015 Marcin Dulak <X.Y@Z.com> - 0.0.1-1
- initial version
Here you will find the simplest possible example of using distutils and setup.py:
https://docs.python.org/2/distutils/introduction.html#distutils-simple-example
This assumes that all your code is in a single file and tells how to package a project containing a single module.
