I have dataframe as such:
df = pd.DataFrame({'val': [np.nan,np.nan,np.nan,np.nan, 15, 1, 5, 2,np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan,np.nan,np.nan,2,23,5,12, np.nan np.nan, 3,4,5]})
df['name'] = ['a']*8 + ['b']*15
df
>>> 
    val name
0   NaN    a
1   NaN    a
2   NaN    a
3   NaN    a
4   15.0   a
5   1.0    a
6   5.0    a
7   2.0    a
8   NaN    b
9   NaN    b
10  NaN    b
11  NaN    b
12  NaN    b
13  NaN    b
14  2.0    b
15  23.0   b
16  5.0    b
17  12.0   b
18  NaN    b
19  NaN    b
20  3.0    b
21  4.0    b
22  5.0    b
For each name i want to backfill the prior 3 na spots with -1  so that I end up with
>>>
    val name
0   NaN     a
1   -1.0    a
2   -1.0    a
3   -1.0    a
4   15.0    a
5   1.0     a
6   5.0     a
7   2.0     a
8   NaN     b
9   NaN     b
10  NaN     b
11  -1.0    b
12  -1.0    b
13  -1.0    b
14  2.0     b
15  23.0    b
16  5.0     b
17  12.0    b
18  -1      b
19  -1      b
20  3.0     b
21  4.0     b
22  5.0     b
Note there can be multiple sections with NaN. If a section has less than 3 nans it will fill all of them (it backfills all up to 3).