I had the same question and found the answer elsewhere.
This answer says that it can be configured in Android Studio's settings under Build Execution -> Compiler -> Java Compiler -> Additional command line parameters, but I couldn't find the Java Compiler section with 3.1.3 even though the answer was for 3.1.2.
This answer explaining how to change the gradle files is what worked for me, reproduced below:
gradle.projectsEvaluated {
tasks.withType(JavaCompile) {
options.compilerArgs << "-Xlint:unchecked" << "-Xlint:deprecation"
}
}