Unfortunately, there isn't a built-in way to do this.
Fortunately, however, it's still possible.
I threw this function together that will filter your values. What it does is it takes a list of all your values in the range you want to autofilter, then removes the values you want excluded.
This function returns just the array of values to keep. So, technically you are not filtering by an exclusion list.
Please Note: This has minimal testing
Function filterExclude(filterRng As Range, ParamArray excludeVals() As Variant) As Variant()
    Dim allValsArr() As Variant, newValsArr() As Variant
    Rem: Get all values in your range
    allValsArr = filterRng
    Rem: Remove the excludeVals from the allValsArr
    Dim aVal As Variant, eVal As Variant, i As Long, bNoMatch As Boolean
    ReDim newValsArr(UBound(allValsArr) - UBound(excludeVals(0)) - 1)
    For Each aVal In allValsArr
        bNoMatch = True
        For Each eVal In excludeVals(0)
            If eVal = aVal Then
                bNoMatch = False
                Exit For
            End If
        Next eVal
        If bNoMatch Then
            newValsArr(i) = aVal
            i = i + 1
        End If
    Next aVal
    filterExclude = newValsArr
End Function
Then you would use the above function something like this:
Sub test()
    Dim ws As Worksheet, filterRng As Range
    Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets(1)
    Set filterRng = ws.UsedRange.Columns("A")
    With filterRng
        .AutoFilter Field:=1, Criteria1:=filterExclude(filterRng, _
                Array("Blah2", "Blah4", "Blah6", "Blah8")), Operator:=xlFilterValues
    End With
End Sub
Your Criteria1 is set equal to the returned array from the filterExclude() function.
In your particular case, your code would look like:
Sub Button1_Click()
    Dim ws As Worksheet, filterRng As Range, exclVals() As Variant
    Set ws = ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("RawData")
    Set filterRng = ws.UsedRange.Columns("FP")
    exclVals = Array("John", "Kelly", "Don", "Chris")
    ws.AutoFilterMode = False
    With filterRng
        .AutoFilter Field:=1, Criteria1:=filterExclude(filterRng, exclVals), _
                Operator:=xlFilterValues
    End With
End Sub
as long as you also have the function I provided in a public module.
See it Live
