Placing the footer out of view using CSS grid

Question

I have a header that is 70px high, the main content which I want to fill the rest of the screen and then a 70px footer. I am trying to find the most simple approach of hiding a footer. This works with the footer in view - see jsfiddle and snippet below:

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  display: grid;
  margin: 0px;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  height: 100vh;
  grid-template-columns: [side__nav] 250px [main] 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: [header] 70px auto [footer] 70px;
}

.header {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 1;
  background: pink;
}

.side__nav {
  grid-column: side__nav;
  grid-row: 1/span 3;
  background: red;
}

.content {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 2;
  background: green;
}

.footer {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 3;
  background: purple;
  opacity: 0.5;
}

.a {
  grid-column: col/span 2;
  grid-row: row;
}

.b {
  grid-column: col 3/span 2;
  grid-row: row;
}

.c {
  grid-column: col/span 2;
  grid-row: row 2;
}

.d {
  grid-column: col 3/span 2;
  grid-row: row 2;
  display: grid;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
}

.e {
  grid-column: 1/3;
  grid-row: 1;
}

.f {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 2;
}

.g {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 2;
}

<header class="header">header</header>
<nav class="side__nav">side__nav</nav>
<content class="content">content</content>
<footer class="footer">footer</footer>

But I want to push it off screen so I can use a button to show when needed. I have tried using grid-template-rows: [header] 70px calc(100vh - 70px) [footer] 70px which does give me the effect I want see jsfiddle and snippet below:

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

*, *::before, *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  display: grid;
  margin: 0px;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  height: 100vh;
  grid-template-columns: [side__nav] 250px [main] 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: [header] 70px calc(100vh - 70px) [footer] 70px;
}

.header {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 1;
  background: pink;
}

.side__nav {
  grid-column: side__nav;
  grid-row: 1/span 3;
  background: red;
}

.content {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 2;
  background: green;
}

.footer {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 3;
  background: purple;
  opacity: 0.5;
}

.a {
  grid-column: col/span 2;
  grid-row: row;
}

.b {
  grid-column: col 3/span 2;
  grid-row: row;
}

.c {
  grid-column: col/span 2;
  grid-row: row 2;
}

.d {
  grid-column: col 3/span 2;
  grid-row: row 2;
  display: grid;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
}

.e {
  grid-column: 1/3;
  grid-row: 1;
}

.f {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 2;
}

.g {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 2;
}

<header class="header">header</header>
<nav class="side__nav">side__nav</nav>
<content class="content">content</content>
<footer class="footer">footer</footer>

But the problem with that is, If I use grid-gap: 10px I have to calculate that in grid-template-rows which then gets messy if I add more sections.

For instance, 3 sections will have 2 gaps, if I set the gap as 10px, the total will be 20px, plus the 70px for the footer meaning a total of 90px. If someone takes over the code they need to know that they need to add this manually to the grid-template-row line which I know will get missed. Anyone have a simple idea that I am missing?

kukkuz · Answer 1 · 2019-05-09T18:31:44.933

You can remove your footer from the explicit grid (change your explicit grid row definition into grid-template-rows: [header] 70px 1fr and remove grid-row: 3 from footer) and set the grid container height to calc(100vh + 70px) and set the implicit grid row (which is your footer height) using grid-auto-rows: 70px.

See demo below with vanilla CSS:

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

*, *::before, *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  display: grid;
  margin: 0px;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  height: calc(100vh + 70px); /* adding footer height */
  grid-template-columns: [side__nav] 250px [main] 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: [header] 70px 1fr; /* removed footer from here */
  grid-auto-rows: 70px; /* implicit grid height - footer height */
}

.header {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 1;
  background: pink;
}

.side__nav {
  grid-column: side__nav;
  grid-row: 1/span 3;
  background: red;
}

.content {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 2;
  background: green;
}

.footer {
  grid-column: main;
  /*grid-row: 3;*/
  background: purple;
  opacity: 0.5;
}

.a {
  grid-column: col/span 2;
  grid-row: row;
}

.b {
  grid-column: col 3/span 2;
  grid-row: row;
}

.c {
  grid-column: col/span 2;
  grid-row: row 2;
}

.d {
  grid-column: col 3/span 2;
  grid-row: row 2;
  display: grid;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
}

.e {
  grid-column: 1/3;
  grid-row: 1;
}

.f {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 2;
}

.g {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 2;
}

<header class="header">header</header>
<nav class="side__nav">side__nav</nav>
<content class="content">content</content>
<footer class="footer">footer</footer>

But again you'll have to do those messy calculations when new sections are added to the grid. A more dynamic option is to keep a grid item (zero-width adjuster element in demo below) just for setting the layout height:

placed in the first column and spanned across the first two rows
has height: 100vh set and pushed behind with z-index: -1 so that it doesn't affect the layout.

See demo below:

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

*, *::before, *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  display: grid;
  margin: 0px;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  grid-template-columns: [side__nav] 250px [main] 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: [header] 70px 1fr; /* removed footer from here */
  grid-auto-rows: 70px; /* implicit grid height - footer height */
}

.header {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 1;
  background: pink;
}

.side__nav {
  grid-column: side__nav;
  grid-row: 1/span 3;
  background: red;
}

.content {
  grid-column: main;
  grid-row: 2;
  background: green;
}

.footer {
  grid-column: main;
  /*grid-row: 3;*/
  background: purple;
  opacity: 0.5;
}

.a {
  grid-column: col/span 2;
  grid-row: row;
}

.b {
  grid-column: col 3/span 2;
  grid-row: row;
}

.c {
  grid-column: col/span 2;
  grid-row: row 2;
}

.d {
  grid-column: col 3/span 2;
  grid-row: row 2;
  display: grid;
  grid-gap: 10px;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
}

.e {
  grid-column: 1/3;
  grid-row: 1;
}

.f {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 2;
}

.g {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 2;
}

.adjuster { /* grid items spanning two rows with explicit height set */
  width: 0;
  position: relative;
  z-index: -1;
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1 / span 2;
  height: 100vh;
}

section { /* new sections added*/
  background: cadetblue;
}

<header class="header">header</header>
<nav class="side__nav">side__nav</nav>
<content class="content">content</content>
<footer class="footer">footer</footer>
<!-- height adjuster for viewport -->
<span class="adjuster"></span>
<!-- other page sections below -->
<section></section>
<section></section>

Excerpts on implicit and explicit grids from MDN:

The implicit and explicit grid (MDN)

If you place something outside of the defined grid—or due to the amount of content, more grid tracks are needed—then the grid creates rows and columns in the implicit grid. These tracks will be auto-sized by default, resulting in their size being based on the content that is inside them.

You can also define a set size for tracks created in the implicit grid with the grid-auto-rows and grid-auto-columns properties.

You can read more about Explicit and Implicit Grids here: CSS Grid unwanted column added automatically

Almost but not quite. Using grid-gap: 10px; give you a nice gap between the grids and it works as needed. The issue comes when you add margin:10px; on the body to give you that same gap around the edges to match the grid-gap. When doing this, you lose the gap at the bottom. See here: https://jsfiddle.net/gywfatkL/6/ — Juan-man, Mar 22 '19 at 13:19
adjust for the `margin` - you can make your *grid-container* `height: calc(100vh + 70px - 10px)` see https://jsfiddle.net/2xnyktrg/ — kukkuz, Mar 22 '19 at 14:04
@Juan-man have updated answer with a better approach - see https://jsfiddle.net/my4et6j7/ and after adding `margin` to the *grid container*: https://jsfiddle.net/enjotp9q/ — kukkuz, Mar 22 '19 at 14:51

Placing the footer out of view using CSS grid

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