Why `super()` in Ursina module in Python

Question

I imported the Ursina module to python. Ursina is game engine. You can find it here : Ursina Game Engine

I was trying to learn how to use this module from the tutorials given on the website itself. I am unable to understand this part of the code. Can anyone please explain this:

from ursina import *

class Inventory(Entity):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(
            parent = camera.ui,
            model = 'quad',
             scale = (.5, .8),                                           
             origin = (-.5, .5),                                         
             position = (-.3,.4),                                        
             texture = 'white_cube',                                     
             texture_scale = (5,8),                                      
             color = color.dark_gray                                     
            )



if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = Ursina()
    inventory = Inventory()
    app.run()

These are my specific questions:

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1. What is super()?

2. Why are the functionalities of super() class?

3. What is the purpose of the condition if __name__ == '__main__':

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@pokepeter P.S. Tutorials of Ursina Game Engine has a lot of typos, please provide a way to notify the same.